[출생] 1946년 9월 8일, 터키
[소속] 노스캐롤라이나대학교 채플힐캠퍼스
(교수)
[학력사항]
텍사스대학교 대학원 박사
이스탄불대학교 대학원 석사
[경력사항]
노스캐롤라이나대학교 채플힐캠퍼스 의과대학 교수
1982 노스캐롤라이나대학교 채플힐캠퍼스 생화학 부교수
[수상]
2015 노벨화학상
스웨덴 왕립과학원 노벨위원회는 7일 노벨
화학상 수상자로 DNA 수정 메커니즘 연구
에 공헌을 한 토마스 린달, 폴 모드리치,
아지 산자르 등 3명을 선정했다고 밝혔다.
상금은 800만 크로나(한화 약 11억2천만원)
이며 시상식은 창시자 알프레드 노벨의 기
일인 12월10일 스웨덴 스톡홀름과 노르웨이
오슬로에서 열린다.
2015년 노벨화학상은 생명의 기본이 되는
DNA가 잘못됐을 때 스스로 복구되는 메커니
즘을 밝혀낸 스웨덴 미국 터키 과학자 3명
에게 돌아갔다. 스웨덴 왕립과학원 노벨상
위원회는 7일(현지시간) 올해 노벨화학상
수상자로 토마스 린달 영국 프랜시스크릭연
구소 명예교수(77)와 폴 모드리치 미국 듀
크대 생화학과 교수(69), 아지즈 산자르 미
국 노스캐롤라이나대 생화학과 교수(69)를
선정했다고 밝혔다.
노벨상위원회는 이들이 생명체에서 끊임없
이 발생하는 DNA 손상이 복구되는 과정을
밝혀내 질병 치료와 노화 이해에 큰 기여
를 했다는 점을 높이 평가했다.
모든 생명체의 기본 단위는 DNA다. DNA가
단백질을 만들어내면서 생명현상을 이루는
기본 물질이 만들어진다. 하지만 체내 활동
이나 방사선과 같은 환경적 요인으로 DNA
는 끊임없이 손상된다. DNA를 구성하는 염
기가 잘못 결합되기도 하고 일부 염기가 손
상되면서 단백질이 제대로 만들어지지 않기도 한다.
린달 교수는 1974년 손상된 염기만을 골라
내 스스로 복구하는 메커니즘을 밝혀냈다.
이후 1980년대 초에 산자르 교수는 손상된
DNA 외에도 정상 DNA까지 폭넓게 복구되는
원리를 밝혀냈다.
모드리치 교수는 DNA를 이루고 있는 염기
가 서로 잘못 연결됐을 때 스스로 복구되
는 원리를 찾아냈다. 몸에 있는 효소가
DNA 인근을 돌아다니다가 손상·결손된
부분을 발견하면 이를 잡아서 뜯어내 정상
DNA로 만들어준다.
산자르 교수와 함께 연구를 했던 강태홍 동
아대 생명과학과 교수는 "DNA 손상은 암은
물론 여러 질병, 노화와 관련이 있어 현재
미국과 유럽 등에서는 DNA 복구를 이용한
항암제 개발이 한창"이라며 "이들은 질병
치료와 노화 연구에 큰 기여를 했다"고
설명했다. 수상자들에게는 상금 800만스웨
덴크로네(약 110만달러)가 주어진다.
=======================================
Aziz Sancar
[Born] September 8, 1946
Savur, Mardin, Turkey
[Nationality] Turkish
[Fields] Biochemistry, molecular
biology, DNA repair
[Alma mater]
Istanbul University (MD, 1969)
UT Dallas (PhD, 1977)
[Notable awards]
Vehbi Koc Award, 2007
Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2015
[Spouses] Gwen Sancar
Aziz Sancar (born 8 September 1946) is
a Kurdish biochemist and molecular
biologist specializing in DNA repair,
cell cycle checkpoints, and the
circadian clock. In 2015, he was
awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
along with Tomas Lindahl and Paul L.
Modrich for their mechanistic studies
of DNA repair.
He is the co-founder of the Aziz and
Gwen Sancar Foundation which is a non-
profit organization for promote Turkish
culture and support Turkish students
and in the United States.
[Education]
Sancar completed his M.D. in Istanbul
University of Turkey and completed his
Ph.D. on the photoreactivating enzyme
of E. coli in 1977 at the University of
Texas at Dallas in the laboratory of
Dr. C. Stan Rupert, now Professor
Emeritus.
[Career]
Aziz Sancar is honorary member of the
Turkish Academy of Sciences and the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
His longest-running study has involved
photolyase and the mechanisms of photo-
reactivation. In his inaugural article
in the PNAS, Sancar captures the
elusive photolyase radicals he has
chased for nearly 20 years, thus
providing direct observation of the
photocycle for thymine dimer repair.
Aziz Sancar was elected to the National
Academy of Sciences in 2005. Aziz
Sancar is the Sarah Graham Kenan
Professor of Biochemistry, at the
University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill. He is married to Gwen Boles
Sancar, who graduated the same year and
who is also a Professor of Biochemistry
and Biophysics at the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Together, they founded Carolina Turk
Evi, a permanent Turkish Center in
close proximity to the campus of UNC-
CH, which provides graduate housing for
four Turkish researchers at UNC-CH,
short term guest services for Turkish
visiting scholars, and a center for
promoting Turkish-American interchange.
[Awards]
He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in
Chemistry along with Tomas Lindahl and
Paul L. Modrich for their mechanistic
studies of DNA repair. Sancar is the
second Turkish Nobel laureate after
Orhan Pamuk who is also an alumni of
Istanbul University.
-------------------------------------
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
has decided to award the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry for 2015 to
Tomas Lindahl
Francis Crick Institute and Clare Hall
Laboratory, Hertfordshire, UK
Paul Modrich
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and
Duke University School of Medicine,
Durham, NC, USA
and
Aziz Sancar
University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, NC, USA
“for mechanistic studies of DNA repair"
----------
The cells’ toolbox for DNA repair
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 is
awarded to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich
and Aziz Sancar for having mapped, at a
molecular level, how cells repair
damaged DNA and safeguard the genetic
information. Their work has provided
fundamental knowledge of how a living
cell functions and is, for instance,
used for the development of new cancer
treatments.
Each day our DNA is damaged by UV
radiation, free radicals and other
carcinogenic substances, but even
without such external attacks, a DNA
molecule is inherently unstable.
Thousands of spontaneous changes to a
cell’s genome occur on a daily basis.
Furthermore, defects can also arise
when DNA is copied during cell
division, a process that occurs several
million times every day in the human
body.
The reason our genetic material does
not disintegrate into complete chemical
chaos is that a host of molecular
systems continuously monitor and repair
DNA. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015
awards three pioneering scientists who
have mapped how several of these repair
systems function at a detailed
molecular level.
In the early 1970s, scientists believed
that DNA was an extremely stable
molecule, but Tomas Lindahl
demonstrated that DNA decays at a rate
that ought to have made the development
of life on Earth impossible. This
insight led him to discover a molecular
machinery, base excision repair, which
constantly counteracts the collapse of
our DNA.
Aziz Sancar has mapped nucleotide
excision repair, the mechanism that
cells use to repair UV damage to DNA.
People born with defects in this repair
system will develop skin cancer if they
are exposed to sunlight. The cell also
utilises nucleotide excision repair to
correct defects caused by mutagenic
substances, among other things.
Paul Modrich has demonstrated how the
cell corrects errors that occur when
DNA is replicated during cell division.
This mechanism, mismatch repair,
reduces the error frequency during DNA
replication by about a thousandfold.
Congenital defects in mismatch repair
are known, for example, to cause a
hereditary variant of colon cancer.
The Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 2015
have provided fundamental insights into
how cells function, knowledge that can
be used, for instance, in the
development of new cancer treatments.
(from naver.com wikipedia.org 연합뉴스 매일경제 mk.co.kr 등,
추천 유튜브 동영상,
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Chemistry, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Clock, influence(+) ~
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