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Á¶Áö ¹ö³ªµå ¼î (George Bernard Shaw) ¹®ÇÐÀÎ
[Ãâ»ý-»ç¸Á] 1856³â 7¿ù 26ÀÏ, ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå - 1950³â 11¿ù 2ÀÏ (94¼¼)
[ÇзÂ] ÃʵîÇб³ Á¹¾÷ [°æ·Â»çÇ×] 1895 ~ 1898 »õÅ͵¥ÀÌ ¸®ºä ¿¬±ØÆò·Ð°¡ 1895 ·±´øÁ¤Ä¡°æÁ¦´ëÇб³ ¼³¸³ 1885 Æç ¸á °¡Á¦Æ® Àú³Î¸®½ºÆ® [¼ö»ó³»¿ª] 1925 ³ëº§¹®Çлó [Ãßõ À¯Æ©ºê µ¿¿µ»ó]
[Á÷¾÷] ±ØÀÛ°¡, ¼Ò¼³°¡, ¼öÇÊ°¡, Æò·Ð°¡, È°¡, ¿õº¯°¡ [±¹Àû] ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ½Ã¹Î±Ç ¿µ±¹ ¿µ±¸°ÅÁÖ±Ç [½Ã¹Î±Ç] ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå [Ä£Áö] ´©³ª 2¸í [Á¾±³] °³½Å±³
Á¶Áö ¹ö³ªµå ¼î(George Bernard Shaw, 1856³â 7¿ù 26ÀÏ ~ 1950³â 11¿ù 2ÀÏ)´Â ¾ÆÀÏ·£µåÀÇ ±ØÀÛ°¡ °â ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÌÀÚ ¼öÇÊ°¡, ºñÆò°¡, È°¡, ¿õº¯°¡ÀÌ´Ù. 1925³â ³ëº§ ¹®ÇлóÀ» ¼ö»óÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¹ö³ªµå ¼î [George Bernard Shaw ]
[¿ä¾à] ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ±ØÀÛ°¡ °â ¼Ò¼³°¡ ÀÌÀÚ ºñÆò°¡. ¿Â°ÇÁÂÆÄ ´ÜüÀÎ 'ÆäÀ̺ñ¾ðÇùȸ'¸¦ ¼³¸³Çß´Ù. dzÀÚ¿Í ±âÁö·Î °¡µæ Âù ½Å¶öÇÑ ÀÛÇ°À» ¾²±â·Î À¯¸íÇÏ´Ù. ÃÖ´ë°ÉÀÛÀÎ ¡¶Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀΡ·À» ½á¼ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±ØÀÛ°¡°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1925³â¿¡ ³ëº§ ¹®ÇлóÀ» ¼ö»óÇϱ⵵ Çß´Ù. ÁÖ¿ä ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î´Â 'Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀÎ', '¼º³à Á¶¾Ø', '½ÃÀú¿Í Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó', 'ÇDZ׸»¸®¿Â' (¿µÈ '¸¶ÀÌ Æä¾î ·¹À̵ð'¿Í 'ÇDZ׸»¸®¿Â'ÀÇ ¿øÀÛ) µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
Æò»ý 70¿©ÆíÀÌ ³Ñ´Â Èñ°îÀ» ÁýÇÊÇߴµ¥ ¿ö³« ¹æ´ëÇؼ ¿µ¾î±Ç¿¡¼Á¶Â÷ ÀüÁýÀº »çÈÄ ´Ü Çѹø¸¸ ³ª¿À°í ÀýÆǵǾú´Ù.
[ÁÖ¿ä¼ö»ó] ³ëº§¹®Çлó(1925) [ÁÖ¿äÀú¼] ¡¶Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀÎ Man and Superman¡·(1903)
¿µ±¹ ´õºí¸°¿¡¼ ž´Ù. ÇÁ·ÎÅ×½ºÅºÆ®°è Áý¾ÈÀ¸·Î »ïÃÌÀÌ »çÁ¦¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾î·Á¼ ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç ±×ÀÇ Áý¾ÈÀº ¿µ±¹ ±ÍÁ·ÀÇ Ä£Ã´À̾ú´Ù. ¹ö³ªµå¼îÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â °î¹°°Å·¡»óÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ »ç¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °æÇèÀÌ ¾ø¾î ½ÇÆÐÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ Áý¾ÈÇüÆíÀº ¾î·Á¿ü°í ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ¼ú²ÛÀ¸·Î ¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í »çÀ̵µ ÁÁÁö¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¹ö³ªµå ¼î´Â ÁÖÀÏÇб³¿¡¼ ±³¸®¸¦ ¹è¿ü´Âµ¥ ±×¶§ °úÁ¤À» ȸ»óÇÏ¸ç ¾Ç¸ù°°¾Ò´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ´õºí¸°¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿þ½½¸®¾ð Ä¿³Ø¼Å³Î Çб³¸¦ ´Ù³æÀ¸¸ç Çб³»ýÈ°¿¡´Â Ãæ½ÇÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹®ÇÐÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ Ç×»ó Ã¥À» °¡±îÀÌÇϸç Ä£±¸µé¿¡ ºñÇØ ±íÀÌÀÖ°í ´Ù¾çÇÑ µ¶¼¸¦ ÇÏ¸ç ¼ºÀåÇß´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿ÀÆä¶ó¿Í ¿¬±Ø µî ¿¹¼ú°ø¿¬¿¡ ½ÉÃëÇß´Ù.
ºÎ¸ð´ÔÀÌ º°°ÅÇÏ¸é¼ ¹ö³ªµå ¼î´Â ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í »ì¾ÒÀ¸¸ç ½Ê´ë Ãʹݿ¡ Ãʱޱ³À°¸¸ ¹Þ°í ºÎµ¿»ê¼Ò°³¼Ò ±Þ»ç°¡ Ãë¾÷ÇÏ¿© °æ¸®Á÷¿øÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇß´Ù. 1876³â 4¿ù ºÎµ¿»ê¼Ò°³¼Ò °æ¸®Á÷À¸·Î ÀÏÇÏ´Â°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àå·¡¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ±×¸¸µÎ°í ´õºí¸°À» ¶°³ª ·±´øÀ¸·Î °¬´Ù. ·±´ø¿¡´Â ¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í ´©³ª°¡ »ì°í ÀÖ¾ú°í ¹ö³ªµå ¼î´Â ÀÌ°÷¿¡¼ ±ÛÀ» ¾²±â ½ÃÀÛÇßÀ¸¸ç ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ÀâÁö»ç¿Í ½Å¹®»ç¿¡ º¸³»±âµµ Çß´Ù. ÀÌ ´ç½Ã ¹ö³ªµå ¼î´Â ¼Ò¼³À» ¾²±â ½ÃÀÛÇߴµ¥ ¡¶¹Ì¿Ï¼º¡·, ¡¶ºÎÀûÀýÇÑ °áÈ¥¡· µîÀ» ½è´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³Àº ÃâÆǻ翡¼ ¸Å¹ø °ÅÀý´çÇßÁö¸¸, ±×´Â ¼Ò¼³ ¾²±â¸¦ ¸ØÃßÁö ¾Ê°í °è¼Ó ¼Ò¼³¾²±â¿¡ ¸Å´Þ·È´Ù. ¹ö³ªµå ¼î´Â Åä·ÐŬ·´¿¡ °¡ÀÔÇÏ¿© È°µ¿ÇÏ¸é¼ °¿¬È¸¿Í ÁýȸȰµ¿¿¡ ²ÙÁØÇÏ°Ô Âü¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Á¡Â÷ ´ç½Ã »çȸ¹®Á¦¿¡ Èï¹Ì¸¦ °¡Áö±â ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´°í, ¸¶¸£Å©½ºÀÇ ¡¶ÀÚº»·Ð¡·À» ÀÐ°í ¸¹Àº ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. 1884³â ½Ãµå´Ï À¥(Sidny Webb), ½Ãµå´Ï ¿Ã¸®ºñ¿¡, ±×·¹¾ö Àª¸®½º µîÀÌ ¸¸µç ´ÜüÀÎ 'ÆäÀ̺ñ¾ðÇùȸ'¿¡¼ È°µ¿Çß´Ù. ¹ö³ª½º ¼î´Â »çȸÁÖÀÇ Á¤Ä¡È°µ¿À» ÇßÁö¸¸ Á¤Ä¡°¡·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡Áö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç Àú³Î¸®½ºÆ®ÀÌÀÚ ¹®Çаú ¹Ì¼ú µî ¿¹¼úÆò·Ð°¡·Î È°µ¿Çß´Ù. 1888³âºÎÅÍ´Â À½¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆòÀ» ½èÀ¸¸ç ÀÌÈÄ 6³â µ¿¾È ¡¶¿ùµå¡·¶ó´Â ÀâÁö¸¦ ÅëÇؼ À½¾Ç°ú °ø¿¬ºñÆò¿¡ ¸Å´Þ·È´Ù.
±×ÈÄ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ´ë¹®È£ÀÎ ¼ÎÀͽºÇǾ ´ëÇØ ºñÆÇÀûÀÎ ÀÔÀåÀ» º¸À̸ç ÀÔ¼¾¿¡ ¸Å·áµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿µ±¹¿¡ °¡Àå ÀÏÂïÀÌ ÀÔ¼¾À» ¼Ò°³ÇÑ W.¾Æó¿Í ±³·ùÇϸé¼, ±×ÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀ¸·Î °ø¿¬ÇÑ ÀÔ¼¾ÀÇ ¿¬±ØÀÌ È£µÈ ºñ³À» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ±×¸¦ º¯È£ÇÏ¿´°í, ±×µµ ÀÔ¼¾À» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ¿© ¡¶ÀÔ¼¾ÁÖÀÇÀÇ Á¤¼ö Quintessence of Ibsenism¡·(1891)¶ó´Â Ã¥À» Ãâ°£ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ¾î ¿µ±¹ ±Ø´Ü(мӦ)¿¡¼ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÛÀÌ µÈ ¡¶È¦¾ÆºñÀÇ Áý Widower's Houses¡·(1892³â ù »ó¿¬)À» ½á¼ ÀϺΠ½ÄÀÚ »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ÀÎÁ¤À» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. À̾î 1893³â¿¡´Â ¸ÅÃáºÎ¸¦ ´Ù·ç¾î ¿©¼ºÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀ» º¯·ÐÇÑ ¡¶¿ö·» ºÎÀÎÀÇ Á÷¾÷ Mrs.Warren's Profession¡·(1893)À» ¾²°í ºñ·Î¼Ò ±ØÀÛ°¡·Î¼ÀÇ ÁöÀ§°¡ È®¸³µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×ÈÄ ¼º°øÇÑ Èñ±Ø ¡¶Äµµð´Ù Candida¡·(1894), ¡¶½ÃÀú¿Í Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó Caesar and Cleopatra¡· (1898), ¡¶¾Ç¸¶ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ¡·(1898) µî 10¿© ÆíÀÇ Èñ±ØÀ» ½á³Â´Ù. 20¼¼±â¿¡ µé¾î¿Í¼´Â ±×ÀÇ ÃÖ´ë°ÉÀÛÀÎ ¡¶Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀÎ Man and Superman¡·(1903)À» ½á¼ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±ØÀÛ°¡°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Á¾·¡ÀÇ ¡¶µ· Èľȡ·À» ¹Ý´ë·Î ÇÏ¿©, 'Âѱâ´Â ÀÚ´Â ³²¼º'À̶ó´Â ÁÖÀåÀ» ±×ÀÇ À̸¥¹Ù '»ý¸í·Â'ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ±âÃÊ·Î ÇÑ ÀÛÇ°À̾ú´Ù. Á¦1Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü ¶§¿¡´Â ¹ÝÀü·ÐÀ» ÁÖâÇÏ¿© ±×ÀÇ ¸é¸ñÀ» ¹ßÈÖÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ ÀÛÇ°Àº °ÅÀÇ ¾²Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀüÈÄ¿¡ 'ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû »ý¹°ÇÐ 5¼(ßö)'¶ó´Â ºÎÁ¦¸¦ ´Ü ¡¶¸ÞÅõ¼¿¶ó·Îµ¹¾Æ°¡¶ó Back to Methuselah¡·(1921)¸¦ ½á¼ ¡¶Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀΡ· ÀÌ·¡ÀÇ Ã¢Á¶Àû ÁøÈ·ÐöÇÐÀÇ Áý´ë¼ºÀ» Èñ±ØÈÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, ¿¬±ØÀ¸·Î¼´Â ½ÇÆÐÀÛÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×º¸´Ùµµ 1923³â¿¡ ¾´ »ç±Ø ¡¶¼º³à Á¸ Saint Joan¡·ÀÌ ¸¸³âÀÇ °ÉÀÛÀÌ´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ±×´Â ÀÜ´Ù¸£Å©¸¦, ½Å°ú Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿µÈ¥ »çÀÌ¿¡ ±³È¸³ª »çÁ¦ °°Àº Áß°èÀÚ¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ½Å±³µµ·Î¼, ¶Ç ³ªÆú·¹¿ËÀûÀÎ Àü¼ú°¡·Î¼, ±Ù´ëÀû ³»¼Å³Î¸®ÁòÀÇ ¹«ÀǽÄÀûÀΠüÇöÀÚ(ô÷úÞíº)·Î ¹¦»çÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1925³â¿¡´Â ³ëº§¹®ÇлóÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
[¹ö³ªµå ¼î ¿¬º¸] 1856 7¿ù 26ÀÏ ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ´õºí¸° Ãâ»ý. 1884 ½Ãµå´Ï ¿þºê(Sidny Webb) µîÀÌ ¸¸µç ´ÜüÀÎ 'ÆäÀ̺ñ¾ðÇùȸ' °¡ÀÔ. 1892 Èñ±Ø ¡¶È¦¾ÆºñÀÇ Áý Widower"s Houses¡· ÃÊ¿¬. 1893 ¡¶¿ö·» ºÎÀÎÀÇ Á÷¾÷ Mrs.Warren"s Profession¡· ¹ßÇ¥, ±ØÀÛ°¡·Î¼ÀÇ ÁöÀ§ È®¸³. 1894 ¡¶Äµµð´Ù Candida¡· ¹ßÇ¥. 1898 ¡¶½ÃÀú¿Í Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó Caesar and Cleopatra¡·¹ßÇ¥. 1903 ¡¶Àΰ£°ú ÃÊÀÎ Man and Superman¡· ¹ßÇ¥. 1921 ¡¶¸ÞÅõ¼¿¶ó·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¶ó Back to Methuselah¡· ¹ßÇ¥. 1923 ¡¶¼º³à Á¸ Saint Joan¡· ¹ßÇ¥. 1925 ³ëº§¹®Çлó ¼ö»ó. 1950 11¿ù 2ÀÏ À×±Û·£µå ÇÏÆ®ÆÛµå¼Å¿¡¼ ½ÅºÎÀüÀ¸·Î »ç¸Á.
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George Bernard Shaw
[Born] 26 July 1856 Dublin, Ireland [Died] 2 November 1950 (aged 94) Ayot St Lawrence, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom [Occupation] Playwright, critic, political activist [Nationality] British (1856–1950) Irish (dual nationality 1934–50) [Education] Wesley College Spouse Charlotte Payne-Townshend (m. 1898–1943, her death)
George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 ~ 2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright (who held both British and Irish citizenship), critic and polemicist whose influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as Man and Superman (1903), Pygmalion (1913) and Saint Joan (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation. [Recommended Youtube Video]
He was the first person to be awarded both a Nobel Prize and an Academy Award, receiving the 1925 Nobel Prize in Literature and sharing the 1938 Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the film version of Pygmalion. Born in Dublin, Shaw moved to London in 1873, where he established himself as a writer and novelist. By the mid-1880s he was a respected theatre and music critic. Following a political awakening, he joined the gradualist Fabian Society and became its most prominent pamphleteer. Shaw had been writing plays for years before his first public success, 1894's Arms and the Man. Influenced by Henrik Ibsen, he sought to introduce a new realism into English-language drama, using his plays as vehicles to disseminate his political, social and religious ideas. By the early twentieth century his reputation as a dramatist was secured with a series of critical and popular successes that included Major Barbara, The Doctor's Dilemma and Caesar and Cleopatra. Shaw's expressed views were often contentious: he promoted eugenics and alphabet reform while opposing vaccination and organised religion. He courted unpopularity by denouncing both sides in the First World War as equally culpable.
He castigated British policy on Ireland in the postwar period, and became a citizen of the Irish Free State in 1934, maintaining dual citizenship. He was prolific, finishing during the inter-war years a series of often ambitious plays which achieved varying degrees of popular success. His appetite for politics and controversy remained undiminished; by the late 1920s he had largely renounced Fabian gradualism and often wrote and spoke favourably of dictatorships of the right and left—he expressed admiration for both Mussolini and Stalin. In the final decade of his life, he made fewer public statements, but continued to write prolifically until shortly before his death, aged 94, having refused all state honours, including the Order of Merit in 1946. Since Shaw's death, opinion has varied about his works. He has at times been rated as second only to William Shakespeare among English-language dramatists; analysts recognise his extensive influence on generations of playwrights. The word "Shavian" has entered the language as encapsulating Shaw's ideas and his means of expressing them. (from naver.com ³×À̹ö Áö½Ä¹é°ú µÎ»ê¹é°ú wikipedia.org, ³ª¹«À§Å°, Ãßõ À¯Æ©ºê µ¿¿µ»ó, ** Selected & Recommended Youtube Videos are shown. **)
British, Best adapted screenplay, Bernard ~ (PIG: time-variant)
Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): B
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