EDIT
Name
PIG
HomeP
SNS1
SNS2
SNS3
Name or Title
Contents
¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman) ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó
[Ãâ»ý] 1953³â 3¿ù 16ÀÏ,¹Ì±¹ [°æ·Â»çÇ×] 1985.10 ÀÚÀ¯¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀç´Ü ¼³¸³ 1971 ~ 1984 ¹Ì±¹ ¸Å»çÃß¼¼Ã÷°ø°ú´ëÇÐ ÀΰøÁö´É¿¬±¸¼Ò ¿¬±¸¿ø [Çз»çÇ×] ~ 2011 ÄÚ¸£µµ¹Ù´ëÇб³ ¸í¿¹¹Ú»ç ~ 2003 ºê·ò¼¿´ëÇб³ ¸í¿¹¹Ú»ç ~ 2001 ±Û·¡½º°í´ëÇб³ ¸í¿¹¹Ú»ç ~ 1996 ½º¿þµ§¿Õ¸³±â¼ú¿ø ¸í¿¹¹Ú»ç MIT ´ëÇпø 1974 ~ 1975 MIT ¹°¸®ÇÐ 1970 ~ 1974 ÇϹöµå´ëÇб³ ¹°¸®ÇÐ Çлç [Á÷¾÷] ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Àç´Ü ÀÌ»çÀå
[Á¾±³] ¹«½Å·Ð ¸®Ã³µå ¸Å½´ ½ºÅç¸Õ(Richard Matthew Stallman, 1953³â 3¿ù 16ÀÏ ~ )Àº ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿îµ¿ÀÇ Á᫐ Àι°À̸ç, GNU ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿Í ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Àç´ÜÀÇ ¼³¸³ÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÌ ¿îµ¿À» Áö¿øÇϱâ À§ÇØ Ä«ÇÇ·¹ÇÁÆ®ÀÇ °³³äÀ» ¸¸µé¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÇöÀç ³Î¸® ¾²À̰í ÀÖ´Â ÀÏ¹Ý °øÁß »ç¿ë Çã°¡¼(GPL) ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¶óÀ̼±½ºÀÇ °³³äÀ» µµÀÔÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Å¹¿ùÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù. ±×´Â ¹®¼ ÆíÁý±âÀÎ Emacs, GNU ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ ¸ðÀ½ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯, GDB µð¹ö°Å µî ¸¹Àº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¸¸µé¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌµé ¸ðµÎ¸¦ GNU ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ÀϺηΠ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿îµ¿ÀÇ µµ´öÀû, Á¤Ä¡Àû, ¹ýÀûÀÎ ±âÃʸ¦ ¼¼¿ì´Â µ¥ º»ÁúÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ Àι°À̸ç, ÀÌ´Â µ¶Á¡ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß°ú °ø±Þ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ë¾ÈÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
[»ì¾Æ¿Â ±æ] ½ºÅ縸Àº 1953³â 3¿ù 16ÀÏ, ¿¤¸®½º ¸³¸Ç°ú ´ë´Ï¾ó ½ºÅ縸ÀÇ ¾Æµé·Î ¸ÇÇØÆ°¿¡¼ ž´Ù. 1960³â´ë ±×ÀÇ °íµîÇб³ ÀúÇг⠽ÃÀý¿¡ óÀ½À¸·Î °³Àοë ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ Á¢Çغ¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±âȸ¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í Áö±ÝÀº »ç¶óÁø ½Ã³»¿¡ ÀÖ´ø ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÎ IBM ´º¿å °úÇм¾ÅÍ¿¡¼ ÀÏÇϸé¼, ½ºÅ縸Àº °íµîÇб³ Á¹¾÷ ÈÄÀÇ ¿©¸§À» º¸³Â°í °Å±â¿¡¼ ±×ÀÇ Ã¹ ¹øÂ° ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÎ IBM 7064¸¦ À§ÇÑ Àü󸮱â(pre-processor)¸¦ PL/I ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î·Î ÀÛ¼ºÇß´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ±×´Â ȸ»óÇß´Ù. "³ª´Â ù ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» PL/I·Î ÀÛ¼ºÇß´Ù. ±× µÚ, ±× ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ±× ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ¸ÂÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¸¸Å Ä¿Á³À» ¶§ ¾î¼Àºí¸®¾î·Î ´Ù½Ã °íÃÆ´Ù" 1971³â¿¡ ÇϹöµå ´ëÇÐÀÇ ½ÅÀÔ»ýÀ¸·Î ½ºÅ縸Àº MIT ÀΰøÁö´É ½ÇÇè½ÇÀÇ ÇØÄ¿°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. [ÇØÄ¿ ¹®ÈÀÇ Å¸¶ô] 1980³â´ë, ½ºÅ縸ÀÇ »îÀ̾ú´ø ÇØÄ¿ °øµ¿Ã¼°¡ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î »ê¾÷ÀÇ »ó¾÷È·Î ÀÎÇØ Á¡Â÷ »ç¶óÁú À§±â¿¡ óÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ƯÈ÷, ½ÇÇè½Ç ³»ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ÇØÄ¿µéÀº ½Éº¼¸¯½º(Symbolics)¶ó´Â ȸ»ç¸¦ Â÷¸®°í´Â, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ ±×µé¸¸ÀÇ µ¶Á¡ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â ÀÛ¾÷À» Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃµµÇß´Ù. 1983³â¿¡¼ 1985³â »çÀÌÀÇ 2³âµ¿¾È, ½ºÅ縸Àº ¿¬±¸½Ç ³»¿¡¼ È¥ÀÚ ÈûÀ¸·Î ½Éº¼¸¯½ºÀÇ °á°ú¹°µé°ú ¶È°°Àº ±â´ÉÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀÇ µ¶Á¡À» ¸·´Â ÀÏÀ» °è¼ÓÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× ´ç½Ã ÀÌ¹Ì ±×´Â ±×ÀÇ ¼¼´ë Áß¿¡¼ ¸¶Áö¸· ÇØÄ¿¿´´Ù. ±×´Â ºñ¹Ð À¯Áö ÇÕÀǼ¿¡ »çÀÎÇϱ⸦ ¿ä±¸¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ±×ÀÇ ¿øÄ¢ÀÎ ´Ù¸¥ À̵é°úÀÇ °øÀ¯³ª ÀÌ¿ôÀ» µ½´Â °Í¿¡ À§¹èµÇ´Â ÀÛ¾÷µéÀ» ¼öÇàÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. [GNU¸¦ ¼³¸³] 1985³â, ½ºÅ縸Àº GNU ¼±¾ð¹®À» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. ÀÌ´Â À¯´Ð½º¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ¿© ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ´ë¾ÈÀ» ¸¸µé±â À§ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿Í µ¿±â¸¦ ¿ª¼³ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾ó¸¶ ¾È ÀÖ¾î ±×´Â ºñ¿µ¸® ±â°üÀÎ ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Àç´ÜÀ» ¼³¸³Çß´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×´Â 1989³â ÀÏ¹Ý °øÁß »ç¿ë Çã°¡¼(GPL) ³»¿¡ Ä«ÇÇ·¹ÇÁÆ®ÀÇ °³³äÀ» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. Çãµå(Hurd) Ä¿³ÎÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ GNU ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ °ÅÀÇ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾ú´Ù. 1991³â, ¸®´©½º Å丣¹ß½º´Â GPL·Î ¸®´ª½º Ä¿³ÎÀ» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ±â´ÉÇÏ´Â GNU ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÎ GNU/¸®´ª½º ¿î¿µ üÁ¦°¡ ź»ýÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. [ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ´ë ¿ÀÇ ¼Ò½º] ¸®Ã³µå ½ºÅ縸ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÌ°í µµ´öÀûÀÎ µ¿±â´Â ±×¸¦ ¸Å¿ì ³íÀïÀûÀÎ Àι°·Î ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. Äڵ带 °øÀ¯ÇÏÀÚ´Â °³³ä¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Óµé Áß ¸¹Àº ¼ö°¡ ½ºÅ縸ÀÇ µµ´öÁÖÀÇÀûÀÎ ÀÔÀå°ú °³ÀÎÀûÀΠöÇп¡´Â µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³íÀïÀÇ ÇÑ °á°ú·Î ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿îµ¿ÀÇ ´ë¾ÈÀÎ ¿ÀÇ ¼Ò½º ¿îµ¿ÀÌ »ý°Ü³µ´Ù.
----------------------------- [ê GPT ´äº¯] (´äº¯¿¡ ¿À·ù°¡ ¸¹À¸´Ï, ´Ü¼ø Àç¹Ì·Î¸¸ ÂüÁ¶¹Ù¶÷) (from https://chat.openai.com/chat)
ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)ÀÌ Á¦ÀÏ ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´ø ¿ª»çÀû Àι°Àº?
¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ(Richard Stallman)ÀÌ °¡Àå ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´ø ¿ª»çÀû Àι°Àº ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó ±×·¹À̽º È£ÆÛ (Grace Hopper)ÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×³à´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ Áß¿äÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀÌ·é Àι° Áß ÇϳªÀ̸ç, ÀÚ¹Ù ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯¿Í °°Àº ±â¼úÀû Çõ½ÅÀ» ¼±µµÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº ±×³àÀÇ ±â¼úÀû ¾÷Àû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸°æ½É°ú ÇÔ²² ±×³àÀÇ ¿Á¤°ú °³¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸°æÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»±âµµ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±×³à´Â ¿ÀǼҽº¿Í °°Àº °³¹æÇü ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß ¹æ½ÄÀ» ¼±µµÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ½ºÅç¸Õ°ú °°Àº °³¹ßÀÚµéÀÌ ¿µ°¨À» ¹Þ°Ô µÈ ¿ä¼Ò Áß Çϳª°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Çѱ¹ÀÇ Æ®·ÎÆ®³ª ¹ß¶óµå ³ë·¡ Á¦¸ñÀº ¹«¾ùÀϱî?
¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ(Richard Stallman)ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Çѱ¹ÀÇ Æ®·ÎÆ®³ª ¹ß¶óµå ³ë·¡¸¦ ÃßÃµÇØµå¸®·Á¸é, ±×ÀÇ À½¾ÇÀû ÃëÇâÀ» Á¤È®È÷ ÆÄ¾ÇÇØ¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸, ´ëü·Î Ŭ·¡½Ä À½¾ÇÀ» ¼±È£ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ À½¾Ç°ú ¹®È¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ½ºÅç¸ÕÀÇ È£±â½ÉÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ³ë·¡·Î´Â, "¾Æ¸®¶û"À̳ª "°¡À»¹Ù¶÷" °°Àº ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ³ë·¡,
[ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç]
[ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç]
[ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç]
"º°"À̳ª "±×´ë ³»°Ô ´Ù½Ã" °°Àº °¨¹Ì·Î¿î ¹ß¶óµå,
[ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç]
[ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç]
"½Å³ª´Â Æ®·ÎÆ® ¸Þµé¸®"³ª "³ª ¾î¸± Àû ²Þ²Ù´ø »ç¶ûÀÇ ³ë·¡"¿Í °°Àº Æ®·ÎÆ® ¸Þµé¸® µîÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
[ÂùÁ¶ Æ®·ÎÆ®]
[ÂùÁ¶ °¡°î]
[ÂùÁ¶ °¡°î]
ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)ÀÌ °æÇèÇÑ Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ÀÏÈ(episode)´Â?
¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ(Richard Stallman)Àº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ Áß¿äÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀÌ·é Àι°·Î, ±×ÀÇ ¾÷Àû°ú »ç»óÀº ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿µ°¨À» ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ »î¿¡¼ Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ÀÏÈ Áß Çϳª´Â "ºó Ä¿ÇÇÄÅ »ç°Ç(The Empty Coffee Mug Incident)"À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÏÀº ½ºÅç¸ÕÀÌ MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÒ ¶§ ¹ß»ýÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â Ä¿ÇǸ¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇϰí, ÀÚÁÖ Ä¿ÇǸ¦ ¸¶¼Ì´Âµ¥, ÇÑ ¹ø ȸ»ç¿¡¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÑ Ä¿ÇÇÄÅÀ» ´Ù½Ã °¡Á®°¡¼ »ç¿ëÇÏ·Á°í ÇÏ´Ï, ÄÅÀÌ »ç¶óÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÑ ÄÅÀ» ã±â À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇßÀ¸¸ç, °á±¹ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéµµ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÄÅÀÌ »ç¶óÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀ» ±Ù°Å·Î, Ä¿ÇÇÄÅÀ» °øÀ¯ÇÏÁö ¸»°í °¢ÀÚ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀ» ³»³õ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ ÀÌ ÁÖÀåÀº "ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿îµ¿(Free Software Movement)"ÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¿øÄ¢ Áß ÇϳªÀÎ "»ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯(User Freedom)"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³³äÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¸® Àâ°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÏÈ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ý°¢À» ÃßÁøÇÏ´Â ½ºÅç¸ÕÀÇ °³¼º°ú ¿øÄ¢¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ¸¦ ³ô¿©ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â »ç°Ç Áß ÇϳªÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)Àº ¾ó¸¶³ª ¾ç½ÉÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷Àϱî?
¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ(Richard Stallman)Àº ±²ÀåÈ÷ ¾ç½ÉÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â "ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿îµ¿(Free Software Movement)"ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀڷμ, ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß°ú ¹èÆ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ¿ËÈ£Çϸç, »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ °³ÀÎÁ¤º¸ º¸È£¿Í °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Áß¿ä½ÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó·Î¼ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³¹ß°ú ¹èÆ÷¸¦ À§ÇØ °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ À̲ø¾î ³ª°¡¸é¼, ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌÀͰú ±Ç¸®¸¦ Áö۱â À§ÇØ ¸¹Àº ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀ̰í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ À§ÇØ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Áö۱â À§ÇØ ´Ù¸¥ ±â¾÷°úÀÇ °æÀï¿¡¼ ¹ýÀûÀÎ ºÐÀïÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°±âµµ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº °³ÀÎÁ¤º¸¿Í ÇÁ¶óÀ̹ö½ÃÀÇ Á߿伺À» °Á¶Çϸç, À̸¦ À§ÇØ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ °³ÀÎÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ, ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº Àü ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅͰúÇÐÀÚ Áß Çϳª·Î ÀÚ¸® Àâ°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)ÀÇ ¾ç½É(Conscience) µî±Þ(Grade)À» A(¸Å¿ì ¿ì¼ö), B(¿ì¼ö), C(º¸Åë), D(³·À½) ·Î Grading ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÎ ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸Õ (Richard Stallman)ÀÇ ¾ç½Éµî±Þ(Conscience Grade)Àº?
Àú´Â AI ¾ð¾î ¸ðµ¨·Î¼ ÁÖ¾îÁø Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀûÀýÇÑ ´äº¯À» Á¦°øÇϱâ À§ÇØ, °´°üÀûÀÌ°í »ç½Ç¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Ȱ¿ëÇÏ¿© ´ë´äÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿øÄ¢À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª "¾ç½É µî±Þ"À» Æò°¡Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ±âÁØÀÌ ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ÁÖ°üÀûÀÎ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó °áÁ¤µÉ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡, Àú´Â ÀÌ Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤È®ÇÑ ´ë´äÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ±â ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ç½ÉÀ» µî±ÞÈÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÀûÀýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀ̸ç, ÀÌ´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ º¹ÀâÇÑ µµ´öÀû, À±¸®Àû ÆÇ´Ü°ú ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Àǰß, ÀνÄ, °üÁ¡ µî¿¡ µû¶ó °áÁ¤µÇ´Â °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µî±Þ Æò°¡´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àß »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ÀûÀýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº Æò°¡ ¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅç¸ÕÀº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ Áß¿äÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀÌ·é Àι°À̸ç, ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß°ú ¹èÆ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ¿ËÈ£Çϸç, »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ °³ÀÎÁ¤º¸ º¸È£¿Í °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Áß¿ä½ÃÇÏ´Â Àι°·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×ÀÇ ÇൿÀ̳ª Àǰ߿¡ ´ëÇØ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í, ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀº °³ÀÎÀÇ ÁÖ°üÀûÀÎ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£°Ô Æò°¡µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µî±ÞÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. =========================================
Richard Stallman
Richard Matthew Stallman (born March 16, 1953), often known by his initials, rms, is a software freedom activist and computer programmer. He campaigns for software to be distributed in a manner such that its users receive the freedoms to use, study, distribute and modify that software. Software that ensures these freedoms is termed free software. Stallman launched the GNU Project, founded the Free Software Foundation, developed the GNU Compiler Collection and GNU Emacs, and wrote the GNU General Public License. Stallman launched the GNU Project in September 1983 to create a Unix-like computer operating system composed entirely of free software. With this, he also launched the free software movement. He has been the GNU project's lead architect and organizer, and developed a number of pieces of widely used GNU software including, among others, the GNU Compiler Collection, the GNU Debugger and the GNU Emacs text editor. In October 1985 he founded the Free Software Foundation. Stallman pioneered the concept of copyleft, which uses the principles of copyright law to preserve the right to use, modify and distribute free software, and is the main author of free software licenses which describe those terms, most notably the GNU General Public License (GPL), the most widely used free software license. In 1989 he co-founded the League for Programming Freedom. Since the mid-1990s, Stallman has spent most of his time advocating for free software, as well as campaigning against software patents, digital rights management, and other legal and technical systems which he sees as taking away users' freedoms, including software license agreements, non-disclosure agreements, activation keys, dongles, copy restriction, proprietary formats and binary executables without source code. As of 2014, he has received fifteen honorary doctorates and professorships (see Honors and awards). [Early life] Stallman was born to Alice Lippman, a school teacher, and Daniel Stallman, a printing press broker, in 1953 in New York City. He was interested in computers at a young age; when Stallman was a pre-teen at a summer camp, he read manuals for the IBM 7094. From 1967 to 1969, Stallman attended a Columbia University Saturday program for high school students. Stallman was also a volunteer laboratory assistant in the biology department at Rockefeller University. Although he was interested in mathematics and physics, his teaching professor at Rockefeller thought he showed promise as a biologist. His first experience with actual computers was at the IBM New York Scientific Center when he was in high school. He was hired for the summer in 1970, following his senior year of high school, to write a numerical analysis program in Fortran. He completed the task after a couple of weeks ("I swore that I would never use FORTRAN again because I despised it as a language compared with other languages") and spent the rest of the summer writing a text editor in APL and a preprocessor for the PL/I programming language on the IBM System/360. Harvard University and MIT As a first-year student at Harvard University in fall 1970, Stallman was known for his strong performance in Math 55. He was happy: "For the first time in my life, I felt I had found a home at Harvard." In 1971, near the end of his first year at Harvard, he became a programmer at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and became a regular in the hacker community, where he was usually known by his initials, RMS (which was the name of his computer accounts). Stallman graduated from Harvard magna cum laude earning a bachelor's degree in Physics in 1974. Stallman considered staying on at Harvard, but instead he decided to enroll as a graduate student at MIT. He ended his pursuit of a doctorate in physics after one year, in order to focus on his programming at the MIT AI Laboratory. While working (starting in 1975) as a research assistant at MIT under Gerry Sussman, Stallman published a paper (with Sussman) in 1977 on an AI truth maintenance system, called dependency-directed backtracking. This paper was an early work on the problem of intelligent backtracking in constraint satisfaction problems. As of 2009, the technique Stallman and Sussman introduced is still the most general and powerful form of intelligent backtracking. The technique of constraint recording, wherein partial results of a search are recorded for later reuse, was also introduced in this paper. As a hacker in MIT's AI laboratory, Stallman worked on software projects such as TECO, Emacs for ITS, and the Lisp machine operating system (the CONS of 1974–1976 and the CADR of 1977–1979—this latter unit was commercialized by Symbolics and LMI starting around 1980). He would become an ardent critic of restricted computer access in the lab, which at that time was funded primarily by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. When MIT's Laboratory for Computer Science (LCS) installed a password control system in 1977, Stallman found a way to decrypt the passwords and sent users messages containing their decoded password, with a suggestion to change it to the empty string (that is, no password) instead, to re- enable anonymous access to the systems. Around 20% of the users followed his advice at the time, although passwords ultimately prevailed. Stallman boasted of the success of his campaign for many years afterward. (from naver.com wikipedia.org)
Computer, Convenience, influence(+) ~ (PIG: time-variant)
Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): C+
Password
µî·Ï½Ã Password