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Á¶Áö ¿ö½ÌÅÏ [George Washington] ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¦1´ë ´ëÅë·É
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[Ãßõ À¯Æ©ºê µ¿¿µ»ó]
[Ãâ»ý-»ç¸Á] 1732³â 2¿ù 22ÀÏ~1799³â 12¿ù 14ÀÏ (67¼¼) [6ºÐ]
[25ºÐ]
[±¹Àû] ¹Ì±¹ [Ȱµ¿ºÐ¾ß] Á¤Ä¡ [Ãâ»ýÁö] ¹Ì±¹ ¹öÁö´Ï¾ÆÁÖ
[¿ä¾à] ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°¡. µ¶¸³Çõ¸í±º ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î¼ µ¶¸³ÀüÀïÀ» ¼º°øÀ¸·Î À̲ø¾ú°í Çå¹ýÁ¦Á¤È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬¹æÇå¹ýÀ» Á¦Á¤Çϰí Áß¾ÓÁ¤ºÎ ±ÇÇÑÀ» °ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÃÊ´ë ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ µÇ¾î ±¹³» ¿©·¯ ¼¼·ÂÀÇ ´ÜÇÕ°ú Çå¹ýÀÇ ½ÇÇö µî¿¡ Èû½á ½Å»ý ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ±â¹ÝÀ» ´ÙÁö´Â µ¥ Å©°Ô °øÇåÇÏ¿´´Ù. [Ãßõ À¯Æ©ºê µ¿¿µ»ó]
'°Ç±¹ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö'·Î ºÒ¸°´Ù. ¹öÁö´Ï¾ÆÁÖ Ãâ»ý. ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ÁöÁÖÀÇ ¾Æµé·Î Å ¾î³ª µ¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ÅäÁöÃø·®°üÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1752 ³â À̺¹ÇüÀÌ Á×ÀÚ ±¤´ëÇÑ ¸¶¿îÆ®¹ö³ÍÀÇ Åä Áö¿Í ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ¹Îº´´ë(ÚÅܲÓé)ÀÇ ºÎ´ëÀåÁ÷ À» À̾î¹Þ°í 1754³â 7³âÀüÀï, Áï ÇÁ·»Ä¡ÀÎ µð¾ðÀüÀï¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾ÖÆÈ·¡Ä¡¾Æ»ê¸Æ ¼ ÂÊÀÇ ¶¥ÀÌ ÇÁ¶û½ºÀο¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Áö¹èµÇ´Â °Í À» ¹Ý´ëÇÑ ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ±×ÈÄ º»±¹°ú ½Ä¹ÎÁö ¿ÍÀÇ Ç×ÀïÀÌ ÀϾÀÚ ¼ºÎÀÇ ÅäÁö¹®Á¦¸¦ ³õ°í º»±¹ÀÇ Á¤Ã¥¿¡ Å©°Ô ¹Ý¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¹öÁö´Ï¾ÆÀÇȸ ÀÇ¿øÀ¸·Î¼ 1765³â P.Ç¸¦ ÁöÁö, ÀÎÁöÁ¶·Ê(ìÔòµðÉÖÇ)ÀÇ ¹Ý´ë¸¦ °üö½Ã Ä×À¸¸ç, 1769³â Ÿ¿î¼¾µå¹ýÀ» ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Ù ÀÇ È¸°¡ ÇØ»ê´çÇÏ°Ô µÇÀÚ ¿µ±¹»óǰ ºÒ¸Åµ¿¸Í À» °á¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1774³â Á¦1ȸ ´ë·úȸÀÇ¿¡, 1775³â Á¦2ȸ ´ë·úȸÀÇ¿¡ ¹öÁö´Ï¾ÆÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ ·Î Âü¼®Çϰí, ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼ ¹«·ÂÇ×ÀïÀÌ °áÀÇ µÇÀÚ ±×´Â µ¶¸³Çõ¸í±º ÃÑ»ç·É°ü¿¡ ÀÓ¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼ ÇǷο¡ ÁöÄ£ ½Ä¹ÎÁö ±ºÀ» °Ý·Á, ¿ª°æÀ» ±Øº¹Çسª°¬´Ù. 1781³â 10¿ù ÇÁ¶û½º±ºÀÇ ¿øÁ¶¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ ¿äũŸ¿îÀüÅõ ¿¡¼ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ½Â¸®¸¦ °ÅµÎ°í µ¶¸³ÀüÀïÀ» ¼º°øÀ¸·Î À̲ø¾ú´Ù. 1783³â °ÈÁ¶¾àÀÌ Ã¼ °áµÇÀÚ ±º´ë¸¦ ÇØ»ê½ÃŲ µÚ ¿¬ÇÕȸÀÇ¿¡ ±º ÀÇ Åë¼ö±ÇÀ» ¹ÝȯÇÏ°í °íÇâÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿¬ÇÕȸÀǰ¡ ¹«·ÂÇÏ¿© ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ µ¶¸³ ÀÌ ´Ù½Ã À§±â¿¡ óÇÏ°Ô µÇÀÚ 1787³â Çå¹ýÁ¦ Á¤È¸Àǰ¡ ¿¸®°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼ ±× ´Â ÀÇÀåÁ÷À» ¸Ã¾Æ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬¹æÇå¹ýÀ» Á¦Á¤ Çϰí Áß¾ÓÁ¤ºÎÀÇ ±ÇÇÑÀ» °ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ Çå ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© 1789³â ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ´ç¼±µÇ°í °° Àº ÇØ 4¿ù 30ÀÏ ÃÊ´ë ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ÃëÀÓÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×´Â ±¹³» ¿©·¯ ¼¼·ÂÀÇ ´ÜÇÕ¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇϰí, Çå¹ýÀ» ½ÇÁ¦ Á¤Ä¡¿¡ ¹Ý¿µ½ÃŰ´Â ÇÑÆí, ¿© ·¯ ³ª¶ó¿ÍÀÇ ±¹±³¸¦ Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÏ¿¡ ÁÖ·ÂÇÏ ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯±â À§Çؼ Á¤°ßÀ» ´Þ¸®ÇÑ A.ÇØ¹Ð Åϰú T.Á¦ÆÛ½¼À» °¢°¢ À繫Àå°ü°ú ±¹¹«Àå°ü À¸·Î ±â¿ëÇÏ¿© ±¹³» ÀçÁ¤Á¤Ã¥ÀÇ ¼ö¸³°ú ¿Ü ±³Á¤Ã¥ÀÇ Á¤ºñ¸¦ ´ã´çÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1793³â¿¡ ¹ß¹ßÇÑ ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í ¿µ±¹°úÀÇ ÀüÀï ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼´Â ÇØ¹ÐÅÏÀÇ ÀǰßÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©¼ Á߸³À» ¼±¾ðÇϰí, À¯·´ÀÇ ºÐÀï¿¡´Â °³ÀÔÇÏ Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °í¸³ÁÖÀÇ ¿Ü±³Á¤Ã¥ À» ¼ö¸³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1796³â 3¼± ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î Ãß ´ëµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ÀüÅëÀ» ¼¼¿ö¾ß ÇÑ´Ù ´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ³¡³» »ç¾çÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½Å»ý(ãæßæ) ¹Ì ±¹ÀÇ ±â¹ÝÀ» ±»°Ô ´ÙÁø µ¥ ´ëÇÑ ±×ÀÇ °øÀû Àº ³ôÀÌ Æò°¡µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
[Á¶Áö ¿ö½ÌÅÏ ¿¬º¸] 1732 2¿ù22ÀÏ ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ¿þ½ºÆ®¸ð¾ó·£µå ¿þ ÀÌÅ©Çǵ忡¼ Ãâ»ý. 1749 µ¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ÅäÁö Ãø·®°üÀÌ µÇ¾î Ãø·®±â »ç·Î Ȱµ¿ÇÔ. 1752 ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ¹Îº´´ë ¼Ò·É(ºÎ´ëÀå)ÀÓ°ü. 1754 7³âÀüÀï(Æ®·»Ä¡ Àεð¾ðÀüÀï)¿¡ Âü°¡. 1759 ¸¶»ç ´íµå¸®Áö Ä¿½ºÆ¼½º¿Í °áÈ¥. ÇÏ¿ø ÀÇ¿øÀ¸·Î ´ç¼±µÊ. 1765 ÀÎÁöÁ¶·Ê(ìÔòµðÉÖÇ)ÀÇ ¹Ý´ë¸¦ °üö½ÃÅ´. 1769 ¿µ±¹»óǰ ºÒ¸Å¿îµ¿ Àü°³. 1774 Á¦1Â÷ ´ë·úȸÀÇ¿¡ ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ´ëÇ¥·Î Âü°¡. 1775 Á¦2Â÷ ´ë·úȸÀÇ¿¡¼ ´ë·ú±º(µ¶¸³Çõ¸í±º) ÃÑ»ç·É°ü¿¡ ÀÓ¸íµÊ. 1781 ¿äũŸ¿îÀüÅõ¿¡¼ ¿µ±¹±ºÀÇ Ç׺¹À» ¹Þ¾Æ³¿. 1787 ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀ» ÀÇÀåÀ¸·Î ÇÑ Á¦ÇåÀÇȸ¿¡¼ ¹ÌÇÕÁß±¹ Çå¹ýÁ¦Á¤. 1789 4¿ù 30ÀÏ. ¹ÌÇÕÁß±¹ ÃÊ´ë ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ÃëÀÓ. 1793 ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í ¿µ±¹°£ ÀüÀï½Ã À¯·´ºÐÀï ºÒ °³ÀÔÁ¤Ã¥ °í¼ö.(Á߸³¼±¾ð) 1797 ´ëÅë·ÉÁ÷ ÅðÀÓ. 1799 12¿ù14ÀÏ ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ¸¶¿îÆ® ¹ö³Í¿¡¼ »ç¸Á.
-------------------------------------- ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¦1´ë ´ëÅë·É [ÀÓ±â] 1789³â 4¿ù 30ÀÏ ~ 1797³â 3¿ù 3ÀÏ [ºÎÅë·É] Á¸ ¾Ö´ý½º [ÈÄÀÓ] Á¸ ¾Ö´ý½º(Á¦2´ë)
[Ãâ»ýÀÏ] 1732³â 2¿ù 22ÀÏ [Ãâ»ýÁö] ´ë¿µ Á¦±¹ ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ½Ä¹ÎÁö ¿þ½º Æ®¸ð¾î·£µå [»ç¸ÁÀÏ] 1799³â 12¿ù 14ÀÏ (67¼¼) [»ç¸ÁÁö] ¹Ì±¹ ¹öÁö´Ï¾Æ ÁÖ ¸¶¿îÆ® ¹ö³Í [Á¤´ç] ¹«¼Ò¼Ó [º°¸í] ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ±¹ºÎ (Father of His Country) [Á¾±³] À̽ŷÐ, ¼º°øÈ¸ [¹è¿ìÀÚ] ¸¶»ç ¿ö½ÌÅÏ
Á¶Áö ¿ö½ÌÅÏ (George Washington, 1732³â 2¿ù 22ÀÏ ~ 1799³â 12¿ù 14ÀÏ)Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÃÊ ´ë ´ëÅë·É(1789³â~1797³â)ÀÌ´Ù. 1775³âºÎ ÅÍ 1783³â±îÁö ¹ú¾îÁø ¹Ì±¹ µ¶¸³ ÀüÀï¿¡¼ ´Â ´ë·ú±º ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î Ȱµ¿ÇÏ¿´´Ù. óÀ½ ¿¡´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ´ë±¹¹ÎµéÀÌ ±×¸¦ ±¹¿Õ°ú °°Àº ±ºÁÖ·Î ÀνÄÇÏ¿© ¼·Î °Å¸®°¨À» ´À²¼À¸³ª, Á¡Â÷ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ °Ç±¹°ú Çõ¸í °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ¿© "¹Ì±¹ °Ç±¹ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö"¶ó °í ºÒ¸± Á¤µµ·Î À¯¸íÇÑ Á¤Ä¡ÀÎÀ¸·Î µî±ØÇß´Ù.
1775³â ´ë·úȸÀÇ¿¡¼ ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº ¿µ±¹¿¡ ´ëÇ× Çϱâ À§ÇØ °á¼ºµÈ ´ë·ú±ºÀÇ ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î ÀÓ¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº ¹Ì±¹ µ¶¸³ ÀüÀï ù ÀüÅõÀÎ º¸½ºÅÏ Àü¿ªÀÇ ·º½ÌÅÏ ÄáÄÚµå ÀüÅõ ºÎÅÍ ÆÄ¸® Á¶¾àÀ¸·Î µ¶¸³À» ½ÂÀÎ ¹ÞÀ» ¶§±î Áö ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î¼ º¹¹«ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î´Â ±Ý¹æÀÌ¶óµµ ¿ÍÇØµÉ °Í °°¾Ò´ø ´ë·úȸÀǸ¦ ÁÖÀçÇϰí, °¢Áö¿¡¼ ¸ðÀÎ °á¼Ó ·Â ¾ø´Â ±º´ë¸¦ Åë¼ÖÇϸé¼, µ¿¸Í±¹ÀÎ ÇÁ¶û ½º¿Í ÀǰßÀ» Á¶À²ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çß´Ù. 1783³â ÀüÀï ÀÌ ³¡³ ÈÄ ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³óÀåÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ °¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ »îÀ» »ì¾Ò´Ù. ´ç½ÃÀÇ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ±¹¿ÕÀÎ Á¶Áö 3¼¼´Â ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀÌ °íÇâÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ °¥ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ¼Ò¹®¿¡ ´ëÇØ "¸¸¾à ¿ö½ÌÅÏÀÌ ±×¸®ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ±×´Â ¼¼°è¿¡¼ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç ¶÷ÀÏ °Í."À̶ó°í ¾ð±ÞÇϱ⵵ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº 1799³â¿¡ Çâ³â 67¼¼·Î »ç¸ÁÇÏ¿´ ´Ù. Ç ¸®´Â Àå·Ê½Ä¿¡¼ÀÇ ¿¬¼³¿¡¼ ¿ö½Ì ÅÏÀ» "First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen."À̶ó μÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿ª»çÇÐÀÚµé Àº ²ÙÁØÈ÷ ±×¸¦ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·É Áß Çϳª·Î ¿©±â°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç Åë¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ ´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ 1´Þ·¯ ÁöÆó¿¡´Â ±×ÀÇ ÃÊ»óȰ¡ ±×·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
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George Washington
1st President of the United States [In office] April 30, 1789 ~ March 4, 1797 [Personal details] [Born] February 22, 1732 Westmoreland County, Virginia, British America [Died] December 14, 1799 (aged 67) Mount Vernon, Virginia, United States of America [Resting place] Washington Family Tomb Mount Vernon, Virginia [Political party] None [Spouse(s)] Martha Dandridge (m. 1759; his death 1799) [Religion] Episcopal Church or Deism [Awards] Congressional Gold Medal Thanks of Congress George Washington (February 22, 1732 [O.S. February 11, 1731] ~ December 14, 1799) was the first President of the United States (1789~97), the Commander- in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He presided over the convention that drafted the current United States Constitution and during his lifetime was called the "father of his country". [Recommended Youtube Video]
Widely admired for his strong leadership qualities, Washington was unanimously elected President in the first two national elections. He oversaw the creation of a strong, well- financed national government that maintained neutrality in the French Revolutionary Wars, suppressed the Whiskey Rebellion, and won acceptance among Americans of all types. Washington's incumbency established many precedents, still in use today, such as the cabinet system, the inaugural address, and the title Mr. President. His retirement from office after two terms established a tradition that lasted until 1940, when Franklin Delano Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term. Born into the provincial gentry of Colonial Virginia, his family were wealthy planters who owned tobacco plantations and slaves which he inherited. He owned hundreds of slaves throughout his lifetime, but his views on slavery evolved. In his youth he became a senior British officer in the colonial militia during the first stages of the French and Indian War. In 1775, the Second Continental Congress commissioned Washington as commander-in- chief of the Continental Army in the American Revolution. In that command, Washington forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but was defeated and nearly captured later that year when he lost New York City. After crossing the Delaware River in the middle of winter, he defeated the British in two battles (Trenton and Princeton), retook New Jersey and restored momentum to the Patriot cause. His strategy enabled Continental forces to capture two major British armies at Saratoga in 1777 and Yorktown in 1781. Historians laud Washington for the selection and supervision of his generals, preservation and command of the army, coordination with the Congress, with state governors and their militia, and attention to supplies, logistics, and training. In battle, however, Washington was repeatedly outmaneuvered by British generals with larger armies. After victory had been finalized in 1783, Washington resigned as commander-in- chief rather than seize power, proving his opposition to dictatorship and his commitment to American republicanism. Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which devised a new form of federal government for the United States. Following unanimous election as President in 1789, he worked to unify rival factions in the fledgling nation. He supported Alexander Hamilton's programs to satisfy all debts, federal and state, established a permanent seat of government, implemented an effective tax system, and created a national bank. In avoiding war with Great Britain, he guaranteed a decade of peace and profitable trade by securing the Jay Treaty in 1795, despite intense opposition from the Jeffersonians. Although he remained nonpartisan, never joining the Federalist Party, he largely supported its policies. Washington's Farewell Address was an influential primer on republican virtue, warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars. He retired from the presidency in 1797, returning to his home and plantation at Mount Vernon. While in power, his use of national authority pursued many ends, especially the preservation of liberty, reduction of regional tensions, and promotion of a spirit of American nationalism. Upon his death, Washington was eulogized as "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen" by Henry Lee. Revered in life and in death, scholarly and public polling consistently ranks him among the top three presidents in American history; he has been depicted and remembered in monuments, currency, and other dedications to the present day. (from naver.com ³×À̹ö Áö½Ä¹é°ú µÎ»ê¹é°ú wikipedia.org, Ãßõ À¯Æ©ºê µ¿¿µ»ó, ** Selected & Recommended Youtube Videos are shown. **)
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