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»ç¿ï¸®½º-David Thouless,±³¼ö,³ëº§¹°¸®Çлó,Scottish-USA
David James Thouless, ±³¼ö

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David James Thouless

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Trinity Hall, Cambridge
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Kosterlitz–Thouless Àüȯ
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¸ß½ºÀ£»ó(1973)
¿ïÇÁ¹°¸®Çлó(1990)
¶ó¸£½º ¿Â»ç°Ô¸£»ó(2000)
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[ÃâÆǹ°]
J. M. Kosterlitz & D. J.
Thouless, "Ordering, metastability and phase
transitions in two-dimensional systems",
Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics,
Vol. 6 pages 1181-1203 (1973)
D. Thouless, M. Kohmoto, M. Nightingale & M.
den Nijs, "Quantized Hall Conductance in a
Two-Dimensional Periodic Potential", Phys.
Rev. Lett. 49, 405 (1982).
Topological Quantum Numbers in
Nonrelativistic Physics, World Scientific
Publishing Co. Pte Ltd, 1998
The quantum mechanics of many-body systems
(Pure and applied physics series), Academic Press, 1972

-----------------------------------------
David Thouless, Emeritus Professor

[Work Address]
3910 15th Ave NE
Physics and Astronomy Building (PAB)
Seattle, WA 98195
-----------------------------

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--------------------------------------------

David Thouless

[Born]
21 September 1934 (age 82)
Bearsden, Scotland

[Residence]
United States

[Nationality]
Scottish
American

[Fields]
Condensed matter physics

[Institutions]
University of California, Berkeley
Birmingham University
University of Washington

[Alma mater]
Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Cornell University

Doctoral advisor
Hans Bethe

[Known for]
Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
Thouless energy
Topological quantum numbers

[Notable awards]
Maxwell Medal and Prize (1973)
Lars Onsager Prize (2000)
Nobel Prize in Physics (2016)

------------------------------
David James Thouless (born 21 September
1934) is a condensed-matter physicist, Wolf
Prize winner and winner of the 2016 Nobel
Prize for physics.

Thouless earned his PhD at Cornell
University under Hans Bethe. He was a
professor of mathematical physics at
Birmingham University in the United Kingdom
before becoming a professor of physics at
the University of Washington in Seattle in 1980.

Thouless has made many theoretical
contributions to the understanding of
extended systems of atoms and electrons, and
of nucleons. His work includes work on
superconductivity phenomena, properties of
nuclear matter, and excited collective
motions within nuclei.

Thouless is a Fellow of the Royal Society,
Fellow of the American Physical Society,
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and
Sciences, and a member of the U.S. National
Academy of Sciences. Among his awards are
the Wolf Prize for Physics (1990), the Paul
Dirac Medal of the Institute of Physics
(1993), the Lars Onsager Prize of the
American Physical Society (2000), and the
Nobel Prize in Physics (2016).

[Selected Publications]
J. M. Kosterlitz & D. J.
Thouless, "Ordering, metastability and phase
transitions in two-dimensional systems",
Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics,
Vol. 6 pages 1181-1203 (1973)
D. Thouless, M. Kohmoto, M. Nightingale & M.
den Nijs, "Quantized Hall Conductance in a
Two-Dimensional Periodic Potential", Phys.
Rev. Lett. 49, 405 (1982).
Topological Quantum Numbers in
Nonrelativistic Physics, World Scientific
Publishing Co. Pte Ltd, 1998
The quantum mechanics of many-body systems
(Pure and applied physics series), Academic
Press, 1972

===========================================

Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Physics
2016

4 October 2016

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has
decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics
2016 with one half to

David J. Thouless
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

and the other half to

F. Duncan M. Haldane
Princeton University, NJ, USA

and

J. Michael Kosterlitz
Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

¡±for theoretical discoveries of topological
phase transitions and topological phases of
matter¡±

They revealed the secrets of exotic matter

This year¡¯s Laureates opened the door on an
unknown world where matter can assume
strange states. They have used advanced
mathematical methods to study unusual
phases, or states, of matter, such as
superconductors, superfluids or thin
magnetic films. Thanks to their pioneering
work, the hunt is now on for new and exotic
phases of matter. Many people are hopeful of
future applications in both materials
science and electronics.

The three Laureates¡¯ use of topological
concepts in physics was decisive for their
discoveries. Topology is a branch of
mathematics that describes properties that
only change step-wise. Using topology as a
tool, they were able to astound the experts.
In the early 1970s, Michael Kosterlitz and
David Thouless overturned the then current
theory that superconductivity or
suprafluidity could not occur in thin
layers. They demonstrated that
superconductivity could occur at low
temperatures and also explained the
mechanism, phase transition, that makes
superconductivity disappear at higher
temperatures.

In the 1980s, Thouless was able to explain a
previous experiment with very thin
electrically conducting layers in which
conductance was precisely measured as
integer steps. He showed that these integers
were topological in their nature. At around
the same time, Duncan Haldane discovered how
topological concepts can be used to
understand the properties of chains of small
magnets found in some materials.

We now know of many topological phases, not
only in thin layers and threads, but also in
ordinary three-dimensional materials. Over
the last decade, this area has boosted
frontline research in condensed matter
physics, not least because of the hope that
topological materials could be used in new
generations of electronics and
superconductors, or in future quantum
computers. Current research is revealing the
secrets of matter in the exotic worlds
discovered by this year¡¯s Nobel Laureates.

(from naver.com wikipedia.org)


Condensed-matter, Cornell, influence(+)~
(PIG: time-variant)

Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): C+


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