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Ǫ-Joseph Fourier, , , France
ƼƮ Ǫ
Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier

ѱ.net

[] 1768 3 21
ձ

[] 1830 5 16 (62)
ձ ĸ

[]

[о] ,

[Ҽ]
븣 丮ܸ, ũũ

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븣 丮ܸ

[ֿ ]
Ǫ ޼, Ǫ ȯ



[з»]
1794 ĸб

[»]
1795 ũд

[ֿ] л (1812)

ѱ.net

[]
. () Ͽ
1807 ؼ ̷С Ͽ,
1822 ϼ ̷п Ǫ ԵǾ ,
'Ǫ޼'
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ѱ.net

.

8 ư Ǿ,
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Ǵ б Ͽ.

źл Ǵ ܳϰ
ξ.

׷ 1789 Ͼ ٽ ٲپ
1794 Ͽ б 簡 Ǿ,
̾ ̰б Ͽ.

1798 Ʈ ħ Ͽٰ
ͱ Ŀ ī̷ο üϿ
μ ޾Ҵ.

1801 ͱ ĸƮ(Department)
ӸǾ, ׸ Ҵ.

װ ϴ ,
() Ͽ
1807 ؼ ̷С Ͽ,
1812 л () ȹϿ.



1822 ϼ ̷п Ǫ ԵǾ ,
Ǫ޼
ũ Ͽ.

1816 л ȸ õǾ.

ǰ ع ε ˷ ִ.

------------------------------------------

ƼƮ Ǫ
(1768 3 21 ~ 1830 5 16)
̴.

ü
(Ǫ ) Ͽ,
Ǯ ؼ Ǫ ؼ Ҹ ̷ ߴ.

Ǫ ؼ ֱԼ ϰ ,
Ҹ ĵ а ̿Ǹ
ȭ ؼ̶ ϴ о߸ ϰ ִ.



ܿ ķ̳ ġ ع ,
ؼ âڷ ⵵ Ѵ.

豹 ٹ
Ȯ̳ ǽߴ.

ѱ.net

[Ǫ Ģ ]
 ü µ 
Ÿϴ Ǫ س
(̳ Ǫ )̴.

Ǫ
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µ ⿡ Ѵ١
(Ǫ Ģ) .



̿ Ư ð, Ư ִ
̷ Ÿ ִ.



, 񿭡µ κ
Ÿ ִ.

Ǫ ̷ ̿ Ͽ
پ ǿ س´.



[Ǫ ؼ]
ѱ ǵ Լ ﰢԼ ޼
Ÿ Ǫ ϸ,
̰ Ȯ Ǫ ȯ̶ Ѵ.



Ǫ ؼ̶ Ǫ Ǫ ȯ ̿
Լ ؼϴ ,
Ư Լ ļ ϴ ̴.



̰ ̺ Ǯ
Ӹ ƴ϶,
̳ п ̳ Ҹ,
ÿ ̸ а ̿ǰ ִ.

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Ǫ ؼ ̷С
Լ, ﰢԼ ޼ Ÿ ִ١
(Ǫ )̶ ߴ.

̾,
Ŀ ڵ鿡 ؼ ϰ Ǿ.

ѱ.net

Ǫ ؼ Լ ֱԼ
Ÿ ִٰ ϴ κ ڵ
ָ ޾ 硹 Ÿ ִ١ ϴ
ٰŸ ѷ ǰ 19 ؼ .

з̳ Կũ ĭ շе
̿ κ ¾ ȴ.



--------------------------------------

[ê GPT 亯] (亯 (hallucination: ȯ ) ,
ܼ ̷θ ٶ) (from https://chat.openai.com/chat)

ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier)
ߴ ι?


ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier)
ߴ ι ˷
(Alexander the Great)̾ϴ.

Ǫ ˷ ϴ⿡ ū
־ϴ.
Ư, ˷ Բ ε ϸ
ε а öп ſ ϴ.

̿ , Ǫ ڽ ˷
ε ϸ鼭  ĵ ϰ Ǿ
Ͽϴ.

, Ǫ ˷
ذϴ ־
ߴٰ Ͽϴ.

״ ̸ Ǫ ޼(Fourier series)
ο ׽ϴ.

̷ , Ǫ ˷ ſ ϸ,
ڽ ģ ι ϳ žҽϴ.

ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier) Ҹ
ѱ ƮƮ ߶ 뷡 ϱ?


ƼƮ Ǫ ƮƮ ߶
Ǻٴ Ŭ Ͽ,
Ư Ʈ, 亥 ۰ ǰ
ܵϴ.

, Ǫ Ҹ
ѱ Ŭ ǰ õ帮
"Ƹ"̳ "ָ (ٷ)" Դϴ.

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⸦ ھƳ "ָ"
ϳԴϴ.

[ ]


ܿ, Ǫ
ѱ Ŭ ,
ѱ Ŭ ̴ܵ ͵ Դϴ.

ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier)
ִ ȭ(episode)?


ƼƮ Ǫ
ִ ȭ ϳ,
" ̷(Treatise on the Heat Equation)"
ǥ Ŀ Ͼ Դϴ.

, Ǫ ϱ
Լ Ǫ ޼(Fourier series) Ͽϴ.

̷ Լ ̷ ÿ
ſ â̰ ο ̾ ,
ٸ ڵ ̸ ޾Ƶ ʾҽϴ.

׷, Ǫ ڽ ̷ Ͽ,
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װ а迡 ް ݴϴ.

, ȭ ߰߰ ̷ ޴
ð ʿϴٴ ִ Դϴ.

ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier) 󸶳 ϱ?


ƼƮ Ǫ
̰ ι ˷ ֽϴ.

״ ڽ ſ ̾,
й Ǽ ΰ Ÿ ʾҽϴ.

Ǫ ̷鼭,
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׻ ڽ ̷ Ű,
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, Ǫ ȭ
־ϴ.

״ ö󽺿 Բ École Polytechnique ġ,
ñ⿡ پ о ڵ ϸ
İ ȭ ߽ϴ.

̷ , ƼƮ Ǫ
ſ 򰡵Ǹ,
й ó
鿡 ְ ֽϴ.

ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier) (Conscience)
(Grade) A(ſ ), B(),
C(), D() Grading Ѵٸ,
ƼƮ Ǫ
(Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier)
ɵ(Conscience Grade)?


ƼƮ Ǫ
, ȭ
װ ſ ι
򰡵 ֽϴ.

, ɵ A(ſ ) Դϴ.

==========================================

Joseph Fourier

[Born] 21 March 1768
Auxerre, Burgundy, Kingdom of France
(now in Yonne, France)

[Died] 16 May 1830 (aged 62)
Paris, Kingdom of France

[Residence] France
[Nationality] French

[Fields] Mathematician, physicist, historian

[Institutions]
Ecole Normale
Ecole Polytechnique

[Alma mater] Ecole Normale
[Academic advisors] Joseph-Louis Lagrange

[otable students]
Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Claude-Louis Navier
Giovanni Plana

[Known for]
Fourier series
Fourier transform
Fourier's law of conduction
Fourier–Motzkin elimination

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier
(21 March 1768 ~ 16 May 1830) was a French
mathematician and physicist born in Auxerre
and best known for initiating the investigation of
Fourier series and their applications to problems of
heat transfer and vibrations.

The Fourier transform and Fourier's law are also named
in his honour.
Fourier is also generally credited with the
discovery of the greenhouse effect.

ѱ.net

[Biography]
Fourier was born at Auxerre (now in the
Yonne departement of France), the son of a
tailor. He was orphaned at age nine. Fourier
was recommended to the Bishop of Auxerre,
and through this introduction, he was
educated by the Benedictine Order of the
Convent of St. Mark.

The commissions in the scientific corps of the army
were reserved for those of good birth, and being thus
ineligible, he accepted a military
lectureship on mathematics. He took a
prominent part in his own district in
promoting the French Revolution, serving on
the local Revolutionary Committee.

He was imprisoned briefly during the Terror but in
1795 was appointed to the Ecole Normale, and
subsequently succeeded Joseph-Louis Lagrange
at the Ecole Polytechnique.

Fourier accompanied Napoleon Bonaparte on
his Egyptian expedition in 1798, as
scientific adviser, and was appointed
secretary of the Institut d'Egypte. Cut off
from France by the English fleet, he
organized the workshops on which the French
army had to rely for their munitions of war.

He also contributed several mathematical
papers to the Egyptian Institute (also
called the Cairo Institute) which Napoleon
founded at Cairo, with a view of weakening
English influence in the East.

After the British victories and the capitulation of
the French under General Menou in 1801,
Fourier returned to France.

In 1801, Napoleon appointed Fourier Prefect
(Governor) of the Department of Isere in
Grenoble, where he oversaw road construction
and other projects. However, Fourier had
previously returned home from the Napoleon
expedition to Egypt to resume his academic
post as professor at Ecole Polytechnique
when Napoleon decided otherwise in his remark

... the Prefect of the Department of Isere
having recently died, I would like to
express my confidence in citizen Fourier by
appointing him to this place.

Hence being faithful to Napoleon, he took
the office of Prefect. It was while at
Grenoble that he began to experiment on the
propagation of heat. He presented his paper
On the Propagation of Heat in Solid Bodies
to the Paris Institute on December 21, 1807.
He also contributed to the monumental
Description de l'Egypte.

Fourier moved to England in 1816. Later, he
returned to France, and in 1822 succeeded
Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre as Permanent
Secretary of the French Academy of Sciences.
In 1830, he was elected a foreign member of
the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

In 1830, his diminished health began to take
its toll:

Fourier had already experienced, in Egypt
and Grenoble, some attacks of aneurism of
the heart. At Paris, it was impossible to be
mistaken with respect to the primary cause
of the frequent suffocations which he
experienced. A fall, however, which he
sustained on the 4th of May 1830, while
descending a flight of stairs, aggravated
the malady to an extent beyond what could
have been ever feared.

Shortly after this event, he died in his bed
on 16 May 1830.

Fourier was buried in the Pere Lachaise
Cemetery in Paris, a tomb decorated with an
Egyptian motif to reflect his position as
secretary of the Cairo Institute, and his
collation of Description de l'Egypte.
His name is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.

A bronze statue was erected in Auxerre in
1849, but it was melted down for armaments
during World War II. Joseph Fourier
University in Grenoble is named after him.

(from ̹ Ĺ λ naver.com wikipedia.org)


Burgundy, Broadly, influence ~
(PIG: time-variant)

Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): B


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