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ÅèÇÁ½¼-Ken Thompson, Computer Engineer, USA | |
ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐÀÚ, ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó, UNIX°³¹ßÀÚ C¾ð¾î ¸ðü B¾ð¾î °³¹ß [Ãâ»ý] 1943³â 2¿ù 4ÀÏ ¹Ì±¹ ·çÀÌÁö¾Ö³ª ÁÖ ´º¿Ã¸®¾ð½º [¹Ì±¹ ´º¿Ã¸®¾ð½º ¿©Çà] [±¹Àû] ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ [¹Ì±¹ ¿©Çà] [ºÐ¾ß] ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ [¼Ò¼Ó] º§ ¿¬±¸¼Ò ¿£Æ®¸®½ºÇǾî(Entrisphere, Inc) ±¸±Û [Ãâ½Å ´ëÇÐ] Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ´ëÇб³ ¹öŬ¸® (B.S., 1965; M.S., 1966) [Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ´ëÇб³ ¹öŬ¸®] [ÁÖ¿ä ¾÷Àû] À¯´Ð½º B (ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î) º§ (ü½º ¸Ó½Å) UTF-8 ¿£µå°ÔÀÓ Å×ÀÌºíº£À̽º Go "¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î À¶ÇÕ Role Model 80¸í" ¼±Á¤ ![]() [¼ö»ó] IEEE ÀÓ¸¶´©¿¤ R Piore »ó (1982) Æ©¸µ»ó (1983) ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÆÄÀÌ¿À´Ï¾î »ó (1994) ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ¿ª»ç¹Ú¹°°ü Æç·Î¿ì (1997) ¹Ì±¹ ±¹°¡ ±â¼úÇõ½Å ¸Þ´Þ (1998) Ã÷Å乫 Ä«³ªÀÌ»ó (1999) ÀϺ»±¹Á¦»ó (2011) [¿ä¾à] ÄɴϽº ·¹ÀÎ ÅèÇÁ½¼(Kenneth Lane Thompson, 1943³â 2¿ù 4ÀÏ ~ )Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó·Î, AT&T º§ ¿¬±¸¼Ò¿¡¼ À¯´Ð½º¿Í Ç÷£ 9 ¿î¿µ üÁ¦ÀÇ °³¹ßÀ» ÁÖµµÇß´Ù. C¾ð¾îÀÇ ¸ðü°¡ µÈ B¾ð¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇϱ⵵ Çß´Ù. 2006³âºÎÅÍ ±¸±Û¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ¸é¼ °í ¾ð¾îÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ Âü¿©Çß´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ Á¤±ÔÇ¥Çö½Ä, QED ÆíÁý±â, UTF-8 ÀÎÄÚµù µîÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡µµ ±â¿©Çß°í, ü½º±â°è º§ÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ µµ µ¿ÂüÇß´Ù. º§ ¿¬±¸¼Ò¿¡ ±Ù¹«Çß°í ¸ð±³ÀÎ UC ¹öŬ¸®¿¡¼µµ È°µ¿Çß´Ù. 2006³âºÎÅÍ ±¸±Û¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ¸é¼ "Go" ¾ð¾îÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡µµ Âü¿©Çß´Ù. ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°úÇÐÀÇ ³ëº§»óÀ¸·Îµµ ºÒ¸®´Â Æ©¸µ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇϱ⵵ ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÆÄÀÌ¿À´Ï¾î»ó, ¹Ì±¹ ±¹°¡ ±â¼úÇõ½Å ¸Þ´ÞÀ» ¼ö»óÇϱ⵵ Çß´Ù. Âü°í·Î ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº º§ ¿¬±¸¼Ò¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ BCPLÀ» °³Á¶Çؼ B¾ð¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇߴµ¥ º§ ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ ¸Ó¸®±ÛÀÚ¸¦ µû¼ B¾ð¾î¶ó À̸§ºÙ¿´°í, 1972³â °°Àº º§ ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ µ¥´Ï½º ¸®Ä¡°¡ À̸¦ Åä´ë·Î C¾ð¾î¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. C¾ð¾î¶ó´Â À̸§Àº ±×³É ¾ËÆĺª B ´ÙÀ½À̶ó C¶ó°í ºÙ¿´´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. Âü°í·Î À¯´Ð½º ÄÚµåÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ C·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. [ÀΰøÁö´É°ú C¾ð¾î (µ¥´Ï½º ¸®Ä¡, ÄË Åè½¼)] Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº C++ Ãʱâ Å×½ºÅÍ Áß Çϳª¿´À¸³ª ȣȯ¼ºÀÌ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù¸ç Å×½ºÅ͸¦ Æ÷±âÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ C++¿¡ ´ëÇØ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °ßÇظ¦ ¹àÈ÷±âµµ Çß´Ù. 1983³â¿¡ À¯´Ð½º °³¹ß°ú °ü·ÃµÈ °ø·Î·Î µ¥´Ï½º¸®Ä¡¿Í ÇÔ²² Æ©¸µ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. [»ý¾Ö] 1943³â»ý, ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸ÓÀÌ´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº ·çÀÌÁö¾Ö³ªÁÖ ´º¿Ã¸®¾ð½º¿¡¼ ž´Ù. [´º¿Ã¸®¾ð½º ¿©Çà] ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ¹è¿ü´ÂÁö ¹¯´Â Áú¹®¿¡ ThompsonÀº "³ª´Â Ç×»ó ³í¸®¿¡ ¸Å·áµÇ¾ú°í ÃʵîÇб³¿¡¼µµ ÀÌÁø¼ö »ê¼ú ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ç°ï Çß´Ù. ´ÜÁö ¸Å·áµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù."¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ThompsonÀº 1965³â¿¡ ÀÌÇлç ÇÐÀ§¸¦, 1966³â¿¡ Elwyn Berlekamp°¡ ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ¼®»ç ÇÐÀ§ ³í¹® Áöµµ±³¼ö¿´´ø Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ´ëÇб³ ¹öŬ¸® Ä·ÆÛ½º¿¡¼ Àü±â°øÇÐ ¹× ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß·Î ¼®»ç ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. [Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ´ëÇб³ ¹öŬ¸®] ThompsonÀº 1966³â Bell Labs ¿¡ °í¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù. [Bell Labs - ¹Ì·¡¸¦ âÁ¶Çϴ ȸ»ç] 1960³â´ë Bell Labs¿¡¼ Thompson°ú Dennis Ritchie´Â Multics ¿î¿µ üÁ¦ ÀÛ¾÷À» Çß´Ù. Multics¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ThompsonÀº Bon ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº ¶ÇÇÑ Space TravelÀ̶ó´Â ºñµð¿À °ÔÀÓÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡ Bell Labs´Â MULTICS ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡¼ ö¼öÇß´Ù. °ÔÀÓÀ» °è¼ÓÇϱâ À§ÇØ ThompsonÀº ¿À·¡µÈ PDP-7 ±â°è¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÏ°í °Å±â¿¡ ¿ìÁÖ¿©ÇàÀ» ´Ù½Ã ½è´Ù. °á±¹ ThompsonÀÌ °³¹ßÇÑ µµ±¸´Â Unix ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. Thompson°ú Ritchie°¡ À̲ô´Â Bell Labs ¿¬±¸¿ø ÆÀÀº PDP-7À» ÀÛ¾÷ÇÏ¸é¼ Rudd Canaday¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ °³³äÀÎ °èÃþÀû ÆÄÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º ¹× ÀåÄ¡ ÆÄÀÏ, ¸í·ÉÁÙ Çؼ®±â, ½¬¿î ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º °£ Åë½ÅÀ» À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ ¹× ÀϺΠÀÛÀº À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù. 1970³â¿¡ Brian KernighanÀº "Multics"¶ó´Â À̸§À» ¸»Àå³À¸·Î "Unix"¶ó´Â À̸§À» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù. Unix¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ãʱâ ÀÛ¾÷ ÀÌÈÄ ThompsonÀº Unix¿¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í °áÁ¤ÇÏ°í RitchieÀÇ CÀÇ Àü½ÅÀÎ B¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. 1960³â´ë¿¡ ThompsonÀº Á¤±Ô½Ä ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷µµ ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ThompsonÀº ÅؽºÆ® °Ë»öÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¤±Ô Ç¥Çö½ÄÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ QED ÆíÁý±âÀÇ CTSS ¹öÀüÀ» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. QED¿Í ThompsonÀÇ Èıâ ÆíÁýº»(UnixÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ ÅؽºÆ® ÆíÁý±â)Àº Á¤±Ô Ç¥Çö½ÄÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾ Àα⿡ Å©°Ô ±â¿©ÇßÀ¸¸ç Á¤±Ô Ç¥Çö½ÄÀº Unix ÅؽºÆ® ó¸® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ³´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ Á¤±Ô½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Thompson Ç¥±â¹ýÀÇ ÀϺΠº¯ÇüÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº ¶ÇÇÑ Ç¥Çö½Ä ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ ´õ ºü¸£°Ô ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ Á¤±Ô Ç¥Çö½ÄÀ» ºñ°áÁ¤Àû À¯ÇÑ ¿ÀÅ丶Ÿ ·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ThompsonÀÇ ±¸¼º ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» ¹ß¸íÇß´Ù. [1970³â´ë] 1970³â´ë ³»³» Thompson°ú Ritchie´Â Unix ¿î¿µ üÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ Çù·ÂÇß´Ù. ThompsonÀÇ Unix °³¹ß Çǵå¹éÀº C ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î °³¹ß¿¡µµ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çß´Ù. ThompsonÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ C ¾ð¾î°¡ "½Ã½ºÅÛ ÀçÀÛ¼º Áß Çϳª¿Í ÇÔ²² ¼ºÀåÇßÀ¸¸ç µû¶ó¼ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÀÛ¼º ¿¡ ¿Ïº®ÇØÁ³´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»Çß. 1975³â¿¡ ThompsonÀº Bell Labs¿¡¼ ¾È½Ä³âÀ» º¸³»°í ¸ð±³ÀÎ UC Berkeley·Î ÁøÇÐÇß´Ù. ±×°÷¿¡¼ ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº PDP-11/70¿¡ ¹öÀü 6 Unix¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ» µµ¿Ô´Ù. BerkeleyÀÇ Unix´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ BSD(Berkeley Software Distribution)·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ÀÚü ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î À¯Áö °ü¸®µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1976³â ÃÊ, ThompsonÀº UC BerkeleyÀÇ Àü±â °øÇÐ ¹× ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇкΠÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇкο¡¼ Berkeley PascalÀÇ Ãʱ⠹öÀüÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇß´Ù. ThompsonÀº UnixÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° ¹öÀü(1971)À» À§ÇØ "chess"¶ó´Â ü½º °ÔÀÓ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇß´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡ Joseph Condon°ú ÇÔ²² ThompsonÀº ¼¼°è èÇǾð ü½º ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÎ Çϵå¿þ¾î Áö¿ø ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ BelleÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. [1980³â´ë ] 1983³â¿¡ Thompson°ú Ritchie´Â "ÀÏ¹Ý ¿î¿µ üÁ¦ ÀÌ·ÐÀÇ °³¹ß°ú ƯÈ÷ UNIX ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦ ±¸Çö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ø·Î"·Î Turing Award¸¦ °øµ¿À¸·Î ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ¼ö¶ô ¿¬¼³ÀÎ "Reflections on Trusting Trust"´Â ÇöÀç Thompson ÇØÅ· ¶Ç´Â ½Å·Ú ½Å·Ú °ø°ÝÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ ¹éµµ¾î °ø°ÝÀ» Á¦½ÃÇßÀ¸¸ç ±× ÀÚü·Î Áß¿äÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ º¸¾È ÀÛ¾÷À¸·Î ³Î¸® °£ÁֵȴÙ. 2023³â¿¡´Â ÁÖ¼®ÀÌ ´Þ¸° ¹éµµ¾î ¼Ò½º Äڵ尡 ¿Â¶óÀο¡ °ø°³µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1980³â´ë ³»³» Thompson°ú Ritchie´Â 8ÆÇ, 9ÆÇ, 10ÆÇ¿¡ BSD Äڵ庣À̽º¸¦ äÅÃÇÑ Research Unix¸¦ °è¼ÓÇؼ °³Á¤Çß´Ù. 1980³â´ë Á߹ݿ¡ Bell Labs¿¡¼´Â Unix¸¦ ´ëüÇÒ »õ·Î¿î ¿î¿µ üÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. ThompsonÀº UnixÀÇ ¿ø¸®¸¦ È°¿ëÇÏÁö¸¸ À̸¦ ¸ðµç ÁÖ¿ä ½Ã½ºÅÛ ½Ã¼³¿¡ º¸´Ù ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¿î¿µ üÁ¦ÀÎ Bell LabsÀÇ Plan 9À» ¼³°èÇÏ°í ±¸ÇöÇÏ´Â µ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çß´Ù. mk ¹× rc ¿Í °°Àº Research Unix ÃֽŠ¹öÀüÀÇ ÀϺΠÇÁ·Î±×·¥µµ Plan 9¿¡ ÅëÇյǾú´Ù. ThompsonÀº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿© Bjarne Stroustrup ¿ë C++ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾îÀÇ Ãʱ⠹öÀüÀ» Å×½ºÆ®ÇßÁö¸¸ ³ªÁß¿¡ ¹öÀü °£ ºó¹øÇÑ ºñȣȯ¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ C++¿¡¼ ÀÛ¾÷ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °ÅºÎÇß´Ù. 2009³â ÀÎÅͺ信¼ ThompsonÀº C++¿¡ ´ëÇØ "¸¹Àº ÀÏÀ» ¹ÝÂ븸 ¼öÇàÇÏ¸ç »óÈ£ ¹èŸÀûÀÎ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾îÀÇ ¾²·¹±â ´õ¹ÌÀÏ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¸é¼ C++¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °ßÇظ¦ Ç¥¸íÇß´Ù. [1990³â´ë] 1992³â ThompsonÀº Rob Pike¿Í ÇÔ²² UTF-8 ÀÎÄÚµù ¹æ½ÄÀ» °³¹ßÇß´Ù. UTF-8 ÀÎÄÚµùÀº ÀÌÈÄ World Wide WebÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¹®ÀÚ ÀÎÄÚµùÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 2019³â Àüü À¥ ÆäÀÌÁöÀÇ 90% ÀÌ»óÀ» Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. 1990³â´ë¿¡´Â ÈÞ´ë¿ë °¡»ó ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸ ¿î¿µ üÁ¦ÀÎ Inferno ¿î¿µ üÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. Thompson°ú Ritchie´Â Bell LabsÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸¿øµé°ú ÇÔ²² Inferno¿ÍÀÇ Çù·ÂÀ» °è¼ÓÇß´Ù. 1995³â ThompsonÀº Joe Hall°ú Jont AllenÀÇ Áöµµ ÇÏ¿¡ Jim JohnstonÀÌ ¼öÇàÇÑ µ¶Ã¢ÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸ ÀÛ¾÷À» ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î Sean Dorward¿Í À½¾Ç ¾ÐÃà ºÐ¾ß¿¡ Çù·ÂÇß´Ù. [2000³â´ë] 2000³â ÈĹݿ¡ ThompsonÀº Bell Labs¿¡¼ ÀºÅðÇß´Ù. 2004³â¿¡ ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº À̸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇϱâ ÀüÀÎ 1948³â¿¡ Alan TuringÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ Ã¼½º ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÎ Turochamp ÀÇ ±¸ÇöÀ» µµ¿Ô´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº 2006³â±îÁö Entrisphere, Inc.¿¡¼ ¿¬±¸¿øÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«Çß´Ù. 2024³â ÇöÀç ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº Google ¿¡¼ Distinguished Engineer·Î, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â Google Advisor·Î ÀÏÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ÀÛ¾÷¿¡´Â Go ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾îÀÇ °øµ¿ ¼³°è°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾú´Ù. ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº GoÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿øÀúÀÚµé°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ð±ÞÇÏ¸é¼ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. ¿ì¸® ¼Â(Thompson, Rob Pike , Robert Griesemer)ÀÌ ½ÃÀÛÇßÀ» ¶§´Â ¼ø¼öÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿´´Ù. ¿ì¸® ¼ÂÀº ÇÔ²² ¸ð¿© C++¸¦ ½È¾îÇϱâ·Î °áÁ¤Çß´Ù. [¿ôÀ½] ... [Go·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¼] ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸® ¼Â ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¾ð¾îÀÇ ¸ðµç ±â´É¿¡ ´ëÇØ À̾߱âÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â »ý°¢À¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯·Îµç ¾ð¾î¿¡ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¾²·¹±â°¡ µé¾î°¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. 2009³â ÀÎÅͺ信 µû¸£¸é ThompsonÀº Linux ±â¹Ý ¿î¿µ üÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇß´Ù. 2023³â ±â»ç¿¡¼´Â Apple ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ¿À·£ ¾ÖÂø¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ð±ÞÇßÁö¸¸ ÃÖ±Ù RaspbianÀåÄ¡·Î ÀüȯÇß´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù. [±âŸ] ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº °áÈ¥ÇßÀ¸¸ç ¾ÆµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±¸±Û¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÒ ¶§ Á÷¿øµéÀÌ ÇʼöÀûÀ¸·Î ºÁ¾ßÇÏ´Â C¾ð¾î ½ÃÇèÀ» ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¸¸µç °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î °ÅºÎÇß´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ´Â ¹®Á¦°¡ µÉ ¼ö Àִµ¥, °³¹ß¿¡ Å©°Ô ±â¿©ÇÑ ¸¸Å ÈĹèµéº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ ÁÁÀº Ç°Áú·Î °³¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÃëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸´Ï¸¸Å, ±¸±Û ½ºÅ¸ÀÏ·Î ±³À°À» ¹Þ°í À¯Áöº¸¼öÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ÈĹèµéÀ» ³Ã³ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé ¼ö°¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. --------------------------------------- [ÀΰøÁö´É ±³À°, µ¥´Ï½º ¸®Ä¡, ÄË Åè½¼] (Âü°í¿ë) µ¥´Ï½º ¸ÅĶ¸®½ºÅ×¾î ¸®Ä¡ (Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie) (1941³â 9¿ù 9ÀÏ ~ 2011³â 10¿ù 12ÀÏ) ALTRAN, B¾ð¾î, BCPL, C¾ð¾î, Multics, À¯´Ð½ºµîÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ ³¢Ä£ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î À¯¸íÇÑ Àü»êÇÐÀÚÀÌÀÚ Çö´ë ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ¼±±¸ÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼(Ken Thompson)µî°ú ÇÔ²² ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À¯´Ð½º(Unix) ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °³¹ßÇß°í, 1971³â ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¡´Unix Programmer's Manual¡µÀ» ½è´Ù. ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼, ºê¶óÀ̾ð Ä¿´ÏÇÚ°ú ÇÔ²² C ¾ð¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇß°í, Ä¿´ÏÇÚ°ú µ¶Ã¢ÀûÀÎ ¸íÀú ¡´C ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î¡µ (The C Programming Language)¸¦ Æì³Â´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ´º¿å, ºê·Õ½ººô(Bronxville)¿¡¼ žÀ¸¸ç, ÇϹöµå¿¡¼ ¹°¸®Çаú ÀÀ¿ë¼öÇÐ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. 1967³âºÎÅÍ º§ ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ¿¬±¸ ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼ ÀÏÇß´Ù. ·ç½¼Æ® Å×Å©³î·ÎÁö½ºÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¿¬±¸ºÎÀåÀÌ´Ù. ![]() 1983³â¿¡ ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼°ú "¹ü¿ë ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦ À̷а³¹ß, ƯÈ÷ À¯´Ð½º ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦ÀÇ ±¸Çö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ø·Î"·Î Æ©¸µ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. ¸¹Àº À¯Áî³Ý ´º½º±×·ì¿¡¼± Á¾Á¾ ±×´Â ÁÙ¿© "DMR"·Î ÁöĪµÈ´Ù. Ã¥ ¡´C ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î¡µ¸¦ ÁÙ¿© ¸»ÇÒ ¶§ÀÇ K&RÁß¿¡ RÀÌ´Ù. ------------------------------ [ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ] [¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ÀǽÄÁöµµ ¼öÄ¡ Æò°¡´Â ´Ü¼ø Àç¹Ì·Î¸¸ ÂüÁ¶ ¹Ù¶÷] (from https://chat.deepseek.com) Á¤½Å°ú ÀÇ»ç µ¥À̺ñµå ȣŲ½ºÀÇ 'ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ Map of Consciousness' ¿¡¼ 1¿¡¼ 1000±îÁö ¼öÄ¡·Î Æò°¡ÇßÀ»¶§, ÅèÇÁ½¼(1943³â 2¿ù 4ÀÏ~, Ken Thompson, Computer Engineer, USAÀÇ ÀǽÄÁöµµ ¼öÄ¡°ªÀº ? µ¥À̺ñµå ȣŲ½º(David Hawkins)ÀÇ **ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ(Map of Consciousness)**´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀ» 1¿¡¼ 1000±îÁöÀÇ ¼öÄ¡·Î Æò°¡Çϴ ü°èÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¼öÄ¡´Â °³ÀÎÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä »óÅÂ, ¿µÀû ¼ºÃë, ¶Ç´Â »îÀÇ Åµµ¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î °£Áֵ˴ϴÙ. ±×·¯³ª ȣŲ½ºÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â ÁÖ·Î ¿ª»çÀû Àι°, ¿µÀû ÁöµµÀÚ, öÇÐÀÚ, ¶Ç´Â ƯÁ¤ »ç·Ê¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃß°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¸ðµç Àι°¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¼öÄ¡¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼(Ken Thompson)Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °øÇÐÀÚ·Î, À¯´Ð½º(UNIX) ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦ÀÇ °³¹ßÀÚ Áß ÇÑ ¸íÀ¸·Î À¯¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ Çõ½ÅÀûÀÎ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ³²°åÁö¸¸, ȣŲ½ºÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ¿¡¼ ±×ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¼öÄ¡°ªÀº °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ȣŲ½ºÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â ÁÖ·Î ¿µÀû, öÇÐÀû, ¶Ç´Â ¿ª»çÀû Àι°¿¡ ÇÑÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Çö´ëÀÇ ±â¼úÀÚ³ª °úÇÐÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡´Â Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ ¼öÄ¡°ªÀº ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀº ±×ÀÇ ¾÷Àû, âÀǼº, ±×¸®°í »çȸÀû ±â¿©¸¦ ÅëÇØ °£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Ãß·ÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȣŲ½ºÀÇ Ã¼°è¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î âÀǼº°ú ÁöÀû ¾÷ÀûÀº ³ôÀº ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØ(¿¹: 400 ÀÌ»ó)°ú ¿¬°üµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ÀÌ´Â °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ Æò°¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ÃßÁ¤ÀÏ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (from https://gemini.google.com) Á¤½Å°ú ÀÇ»ç µ¥À̺ñµå ȣŲ½ºÀÇ 'ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ Map of Consciousness' ¿¡¼ 1¿¡¼ 1000±îÁö ¼öÄ¡·Î Æò°¡ÇßÀ»¶§, ÅèÇÁ½¼(1943³â 2¿ù 4ÀÏ~, Ken Thompson, Computer Engineer, USAÀÇ ÀǽÄÁöµµ ¼öÄ¡°ªÀº ? µ¥À̺ñµå ȣŲ½º ¹Ú»çÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀº Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô Æò°¡µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ Çõ¸íÀûÀÎ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ³²°åÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ »îÀ̳ª öÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î Àû½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ±×ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀ» °´°üÀûÀ¸·Î Æò°¡Çϱâ´Â ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ ¾÷Àû°ú ¼ºÇ°À» °í·ÁÇØ º¼ ¶§, ±×ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ³ôÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â À¯´Ð½º ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦¿Í C ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ¾ð¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿© Çö´ë ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ ´ÙÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ã¢ÀÇÀûÀÌ°í Çõ½ÅÀûÀÎ ´É·ÂÀº ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ ÀǽĿ¡¼ ºñ·ÔµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼Àº °â¼ÕÇÏ°í °âÇãÇÑ ¼ºÇ°À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀ» °ú½ÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, µ¿·áµé°ú ÇÔ²² Çù·ÂÇÏ¸ç ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Áñ°å½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ¼ºÇ°Àº ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ ÀǽÄÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Áõ°Å¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÄË ÅèÇÁ½¼ÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀº ¾Ë ¼ö ¾øÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ ¾÷Àû°ú ¼ºÇ°À» °í·ÁÇØ º¼ ¶§, ±×ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ³ôÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. [ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ] ======================================= Kenneth Thompson [Born] February 4, 1943 New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. [Nationality] American [Fields] Computer science [Institutions] Bell Labs Entrisphere, Inc Google Inc. [Alma mater] University of California, Berkeley (B.S., 1965; M.S., 1966) [Known for] Unix B (programming language) Belle (chess machine) UTF-8 Endgame tablebase Go [Notable awards] IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award (1982) Turing Award (1983) Computer Pioneer Award (1994) Computer History Museum Fellow (1997) National Medal of Technology (1998) Tsutomu Kanai Award (1999) Japan Prize (2011) Kenneth Lane "Ken" Thompson (born February 4, 1943), commonly referred to as ken in hacker circles, is an American pioneer of computer science. Having worked at Bell Labs for most of his career, Thompson designed and implemented the original Unix operating system. He also invented the B programming language, the direct predecessor to the C programming language, and was one of the creators and early developers of the Plan 9 operating systems. Since 2006, Thompson has worked at Google, where he co-invented the Go programming language. [Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie Explain UNIX(Bell Labs)] Other notable contributions included his work on regular expressions and early computer text editors QED and ed, the definition of the UTF-8 encoding, his work on computer chess that included creation of endgame tablebases and the chess machine Belle. [Biography] Thompson was born in New Orleans. When asked how he learned to program, Thompson stated, "I was always fascinated with logic and even in grade school I'd work on arithmetic problems in binary, stuff like that. Just because I was fascinated." <1960s> DEC PDP-7, as used for initial work on Unix Thompson received a Bachelor of Science in 1965 and a Master's degree in 1966, both in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, from the University of California, Berkeley, where his master's thesis advisor was Elwyn Berlekamp. In the 1960s at Bell Labs, Thompson and Dennis Ritchie worked on the Multics operating system. While writing Multics, Thompson created the Bon programming language. The two left the Multics project when Bell Labs withdrew from it, but they used the experience from the project. In 1969, Thompson and Ritchie became the principal creators of the Unix operating system. Working on a PDP-7, a team of Bell Labs researchers led by Thompson and Ritchie, and including Rudd Canaday, developed a hierarchical file system, the concepts of computer processes and device files, a command-line interpreter, and some small utility programs. After initial work on Unix, Thompson decided that Unix needed a system programming language and created B, a precursor to Ritchie's C. In the 1960s, Thompson also began work on regular expressions. Thompson had developed the CTSS version of the editor QED, which included regular expressions for searching text. QED and Thompson's later editor ed (the standard text editor on Unix) contributed greatly to the eventual popularity of regular expressions, and regular expressions became pervasive in Unix text processing programs. Almost all programs that work with regular expressions today use some variant of Thompson's notation. He also invented Thompson's construction algorithm used for converting regular expression into nondeterministic finite automaton in order to make expression matching faster. [Oral History of Ken Thompson] <1970s> Ken Thompson (sitting) and Dennis Ritchie working together at a PDP-11 Version 6 Unix running on the SIMH PDP-11 simulator, with "/usr/ken" still present Throughout the 1970s, Thompson and Ritchie collaborated on the Unix operating system; they were so influential on Research Unix that Doug McIlroy later wrote, "The names of Ritchie and Thompson may safely be assumed to be attached to almost everything not otherwise attributed." In a 2011 interview, Thompson stated that the first versions of Unix were written by him, and that Ritchie began to advocate for the system and helped to develop it: I did the first of two or three versions of UNIX all alone. And Dennis became an evangelist. Then there was a rewrite in a higher-level language that would come to be called C. He worked mostly on the language and on the I/O system, and I worked on all the rest of the operating system. That was for the PDP-11, which was serendipitous, because that was the computer that took over the academic community. Feedback from Thompson's Unix development was also instrumental in the development of the C programming language. Thompson would later say that the C language "grew up with one of the rewritings of the system and, as such, it became perfect for writing systems." In 1975, Thompson took a sabbatical from Bell Labs and went to his alma mater, UC Berkeley. There, he helped to install Version 6 Unix on a PDP-11/70. Unix at Berkeley would later become maintained as its own system, known as the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). Along with Joseph Condon, Thompson created the hardware and software for Belle, a world champion chess computer. He also wrote programs for generating the complete enumeration of chess endings, known as endgame tablebases, for all 4, 5, and 6-piece endings, allowing chess-playing computer programs to make "perfect" moves once a position stored in them is reached. Later, with the help of chess endgame expert John Roycroft, Thompson distributed his first results on CD-ROM. <1980s> Plan 9 from Bell Labs, running the acme text editor, and the rc shell Throughout the 1980s, Thompson and Ritchie continued revising Research Unix, which adopted a BSD codebase for the 8th, 9th, and 10th editions. In the mid-1980s, work began at Bell Labs on a new operating system as a replacement for Unix. Thompson was instrumental in the design and implementation of the Plan 9 from Bell Labs, a new operating system utilizing principles of Unix, but applying them more broadly to all major system facilities. Some programs that were part of later versions of Research Unix, such as mk and rc, were also incorporated into Plan 9. Thompson tested early versions of the C++ programming language for Bjarne Stroustrup by writing programs in it, but later refused to work in C++ due to frequent incompatibilities between versions. In a 2009 interview, Thompson expressed a negative view of C++, stating, "It does a lot of things half well and it's just a garbage heap of ideas that are mutually exclusive." <1990s> In 1992, Thompson developed the UTF-8 encoding scheme together with Rob Pike. The UTF-8 encoding has become the dominant character encoding for the World Wide Web, accounting for more than half of all web pages. In the 1990s, work began on the Inferno operating system, another research operating system that was based around a portable virtual machine. Thompson and Ritchie continued their collaboration with Inferno, along with other researchers at Bell Labs. <2000s> In late 2000, Thompson retired from Bell Labs. He worked at Entrisphere, Inc as a fellow until 2006 and now works at Google as a Distinguished Engineer. Recent work has included the co-design of the Go programming language. Referring to himself along with the other original authors of Go, he states: When the three of us [Thompson, Rob Pike, and Robert Griesemer] got started, it was pure research. The three of us got together and decided that we hated C++. we started off with the idea that all three of us had to be talked into every feature in the language, so there was no extraneous garbage put into the language for any reason. According to a 2009 interview, Thompson now uses a Linux-based operating system. (from naver.com wikipedia.org) [Map of Consciousness] Bell labs, Berkeley, B, Belle, influence ~ (PIG: time-variant) Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): B(MoC: Map of Consciousness) ÀÇ½Ä Áöµµ MoC(ÀÇ½Ä ¼öÁØ): 400+
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