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Á¶À̽º-James Joyce, ¼Ò¼³°¡, ÀÛ°¡, Ireland | ||
Á¦ÀÓ½º Á¶À̽º (James Joyce) James Augustine Aloysius Joyce ¼Ò¼³°¡, ½ÃÀÎ, ÀÛ°¡ [Ãâ»ý-»ç¸Á] 1882³â 2¿ù 2ÀÏ, ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ~1941³â 1¿ù 13ÀÏ(58¼¼) [6ºÐ] [35ºÐ] [Ãâ»ýÁö] ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ´õºí¸° [µ¥ºß] 1914³â ¼Ò¼³ '´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé' [Ȱµ¿ºÐ¾ß] ¹®ÇÐ [ÁÖ¿äÀú¼] ¡¶À²¸®½Ã½º Ulysses¡·(1922),¡¶´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé Dubliners¡·(1914) [Çз»çÇ×] ´õºí¸° À¯´Ï¹ö½ÃƼ Ä®¸®Áö ÇÐ»ç º§º£µð¾î ÁßÇб³ Ŭ·Õ°í¿ì½º ¿ìµå Çб³ [°æ·Â»çÇ×] 1904 ¹ú¸®Ã÷Çпø ¿µ¾î±³»ç [¿ä¾à] ¾ÆÀÏ·£µåÀÇ ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÌÀÚ ½ÃÀÎÀ¸·Î 20¼¼±â ¹® Çп¡ Ä¿´Ù¶õ º¯ÇõÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÑ ÀÛ°¡ÀÌ´Ù. 37³â°£ ¸Á¸íÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ ±¹¿Ü¸¦ ¹æ¶ûÇÏ¸ç ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¿Í °íÇâ ´õºí¸°À» ´ë»óÀ¸ ·Î ÇÑ ÀÛǰÀ» ÁýÇÊÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ëÇ¥ÀÛ¿¡ ¡¶´õºí ¸°ÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¡·, ¡¶À²¸®½Ã½º¡· µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ´õºí¸° Ãâ»ý. 20¼¼±â ¹®Çп¡ Ä¿´Ù¶õ º¯Çõ À» ÃÊ·¡ÇÑ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ÀÛ°¡ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¼öȸ °èÅë ÀÇ Çб³¿¡¼ ±³À°¹Þ°í À¯´Ï¹ö½ÃƼ Ä®¸®Áö ¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®½º¡¤¶óƾ¡¤ÇÁ¶û½º¡¤ÀÌ Å»¸®¾Æ¡¤µ¶ÀÏ µî °¢±¹¾î¿¡ Åë´ÞÇÏ¿´°í, ÀÏ ÂïºÎÅÍ ÀÔ¼¾, ¼ÎÀͽºÇǾî, ´ÜÅ×, ¿¤¸®ÀÚº£ ½º¿ÕÁ¶ ½ÃÀÎ, Ç÷κ£¸£ µîÀÇ ÀÛǰÀ» ޵¶ÇÏ ¿´À¸¸ç, ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½º, T.¾ÆÄû³ª½º, ºñ ÄÚ µîÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» Èí¼öÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾ÆÀÏ·£µåÀÇ ¹®¿¹ºÎÈï ±â¿î¿¡ ¹Ý¹ßÇÏ¿© ÇÐ ±³ Á¹¾÷°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÆÄ¸®·Î °¬À¸¸ç, 1904³â ¹ú¸®Ã÷ÇпøÀÇ ¿µ¾î±³»ç·Î ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Æú¶ó, ÀÌÅ»¸®¾ÆÀÇ Æ®¸®¿¡½ºÅ× µîÁö¿¡¼ »ì¾Ò´Ù. Á¦1Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀüÀÌ ÀϾÀÚ Ã븮È÷·Î ÇÇ ³, 1920³âºÎÅÍ ÆÄ¸®·Î ¿Å°Ü »õ·Î¿î ¹®ÇÐ ÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀû Á¸Àç°¡ µÇ¾î, ÁÖº¯¿¡ °¢±¹ÀÇ ½Ã ÀÎ ÀÛ°¡µéÀÌ ¸ð¿©µé¾ú´Ù. Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü Áß µ¶ÀϱºÀÇ Ä§ÀÔÀ» ¹ÞÀÚ ´Ù½Ã Ã븮È÷·Î °¡´ø µµÁß º´À¸·Î Á×¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â °íÇâ ´õºí¸°À» ¹ö¸®°í 37³â°£À̳ª ¸Á ¸íÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ ±¹¿Ü¸¦ ¹æ¶ûÇÏ¿´´Ù. ºó°ï°ú °í µ¶ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ´«º´¿¡ ½Ã´Þ¸®¸é¼, ÀüÀι̴äÀÇ ¹®ÇÐÀÛǰÀ» °è¼Ó ÁýÇÊÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ÀÛǰÀÇ ´ë ºÎºÐÀÌ ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ¡¤´õºí¸° ¡¤´õºí¸°ÀÎÀ» ´ë »óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§ ÇѶ§ ½Å¹® ¹ßÇà°ú ¿µÈ°ü °æ¿µÀ» °èȹÇÑ Àûµµ ÀÖ¾úÁö ¸¸ µÑ ´Ù ¼º°øÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1907³â °íÀüÀû ¾ÆÃ븦 Áö´Ñ ¿¬¾Ö½Ã¸¦ ¸ðÀº ½ÃÁý ¡¶½Ç³»¾Ç Chamber Music¡·À» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ °í, 1914³â¿¡´Â ´ÜÆíÁý ¡¶´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé Dubliners¡·À» Ãâ°£ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× ´ëºÎºÐÀº ÀÌ ¹Ì 1905³â°æ ÀÌÀü Å»°í·Î ¹ßÇ¥µÈ °Íµµ ¸î °¡Áö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±× ÈÄ 1914¡1916³â¿¡ ¡¶¿¡°í À̽ºÆ®¡·Áö(ò¼)¿¡ ¿¬ÀçµÈ ÀÚ¼ÀüÀû ¿ä¼Ò°¡ ¸¹Àº ¡¶ÀþÀº ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÃÊ»ó A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man¡·(1917)Àº ¡®ÀÇ ½ÄÀÇ È帧¡¯À» µû¸¥ û½ÅÇÑ ½É¸®¹¦»ç·Î Å©°Ô ÁÖ¸ñ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. À̾î 3¸·ÀÇ Èñ°î ¡¶À¯ÀÎ(×µìÑ)¡·(1918)À» °£ÇàÇÏ´Â ÇÑÆí, 1918³âºÎÅÍ ¡¶À²¸®½Ã½º Ulysses¡·(1922) ÀϺθ¦ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÀâÁö ¡¶¸® Ʋ¸®ºä¡·¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿© dz±â»ó À¯ÇØÇÏ´Ù´Â ÀÌ À¯·Î °í¼Ò´çÇϱ⵵ ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, Á¶À̽º¶ó´Â ÀÌ»öÀÛ°¡ÀÇ Á¸À縦 ³Î¸® ¼¼°è¿¡ ¾Ë¸®´Â ±âȸ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1922³â ÆÄ¸®¿¡¼ ´ëº»¾÷À» ÇÏ´ø ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ ¿© ¼º ½Çºñ¾Æ ºñÄ¡ÀÇ Èñ»ýÀû ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ¡¶À²¸® ½Ã½º¡·°¡ °£ÇàµÇÀÚ, ±×ÀÇ ¸í¼ºÀº ´õ¿í ³ô¾Æ Á³´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÀÛǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆòÀº ÈÑ¿¹Æ÷Æï (ýÃçâøæø¿)ÀÌ ¾ù°¥·ÈÀ¸³ª, ÃâÁßÇÑ ¹®ÇÐÀû Àç´É¿¡´Â ÇѰᰰÀÌ °æÅºÀ» ±ÝÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´ ´Ù. »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×ÀÇ ÀÛǰÀº µ¶ÀϾî¿Í ÇÁ ¶û½º¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªµÇ¾ú°í ¿¬±¸ ÇØ¼³¼µµ ÀÕ´Þ¾Æ Ãâ°£µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸· ÀÛǰ ¡¶Çdzװ£ÀÇ °æ¾ß Finnegan¡¯s Wake¡·(1939)´Â ÁøÀϺ¸ÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀû ÀÛǰÀ¸·Î ¼ ¡¶À²¸®½Ã½º¡·¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÈ ¡®ÀǽÄÀÇ Èå ¸§¡¯ÀÇ ¼ö¹ýÀÌ Á¾È¾À¸·Î ±¸»çµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã ³¯ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³Àº ¸Å½ºÄÄ¿¡ ¿ëÇØµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸³ª, Á¶ À̽º´Â ±×°ÍÀ» °ÅºÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÃÖÈÄÀÇ ¿¹ ¼úÁö»óÁÖÀǸ¦ ½ÅºÀÇÏ´Â ½ÃÀÎÀû ÀÛ°¡¿´´Ù. ------------------------------------- Á¦ÀÓ½º ¾î°Å½ºÆ¾ ¾Ù·ÎÀ̼Žº Á¶À̽º(James Augustine Aloysius Joyce, 1882³â 2¿ù 2 ÀÏ ~ 1941³â 1¿ù 13ÀÏ)´Â ¾ÆÀÏ·£µåÀÇ ´õºí ¸° Ãâ½ÅÀÇ ¼Ò¼³°¡, ½ÃÀÎ, ±ØÀÛ°¡ÀÌ´Ù. À¯¸íÇÑ ¼Ò¼³Àº ¡¶À²¸®½ÃÁî¡·(1922)¿Í ¸Å¿ì ³íÀïÀûÀÎ ÈļÓÀÛ ¡¶Çdzװ£ÀÇ °æ¾ß¡·(1939), ´ÜÆíÀÎ ¡¶´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé¡·(1914), ¹ÝÀÚÀüÀû ¼Ò¼³ ¡¶ÀþÀº ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÃÊ»ó¡·(1916) µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ºÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »îÀ» ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ¹Û¿¡¼ º¸³ÂÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ Á¤½ÅÀû °¡»óÀû ¼¼°è´Â ±×ÀÇ °íÇâÀÎ ´õºí¸°¿¡ »Ñ¸®±í°Ô ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´õºí¸°Àº ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³ÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦¿Í ¼³Á¤ÀÇ ¸¹Àº ºÎºÐÀ» Á¦°øÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. [»ý¾Ö] Á¦ÀÓ½º Á¶À̽º´Â 1882³â ´õºí¸°ÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡ ¼ ³²ÂÊÀ¸·Î ¾à 4km ¶³¾îÁø ¶ó½º°¡ (Rathgar)ÀÇ ºê¶óÀÌÅÏ ¼ºÎ ½ºÄù¾î 41¹øÁö ¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹öÁö Á¸ ½ºÅ´Ͻº¶ó¿ì½º Á¶À̽º (John Stanislaus Joyce)¿Í ¾î¸Ó´Ï ¸Å¸® Á¦ ÀÎ ¸Ó·¡ÀÌ(Mary Jane Murray) »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ù ¹øÂ° ¾Æµé·Î ž´Ù. ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â Á¤Ä¡¿¡ °ü ½ÉÀÌ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸³ª Á÷¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î °ÅÀÇ »çȸ ¹Ø¹Ù ´ÚÀ» ÀüÀüÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸® °í ±×ÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï ¸Å¸®´Â µ¶½ÇÇÑ °¡Å縯 ½ÅÀÚ ·Î¼ Á¦ÀÓ½º¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© 10¸íÀÇ ÀÚ³àµéÀ» ³º¾Æ °¡Å縯 ½Å¾Ó¿¡ µû¶ó Ű¿ì°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇÏ ¿´´Ù. Á¦ÀÓ½º´Â ¾ÆÀÏ·£µåÀÇ ¿¹¼öȸ°¡ ¿î¿µ Çϴ Ŭ·Ð°íÁî ¿ìµå Äݸ®Áö¿Í º§ºñµð¾î ÄÝ ¸®Áö¿¡ ´Ù³æ´Âµ¥ ¿¹¼öȸ ½ÅºÎµéÀÇ ±³À°Àº ¸÷½Ã ¾ö°ÝÇϰí Àý´ëÀû º¹Á¾°ú ±ÔÀ²À» °Á¶ Çß´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±³À° ÇÏ¿¡ Á¦ÀÓ½º´Â ½ÅºÎµé ÀÇ ºÎ´ç¼º°ú ÀÜÀμºÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ°í °¡Å縯 Á¾ ±³¿¡¼ ¸Ö¾îÁö°í ±×ÀÇ ÀÛǰ ¼Ó¿¡ ºñÆÇÀûÀ¸·Î ¹¦»çÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. [¹®Çм¼°è] ¡´´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé¡µ¿¡¼´Â 20¼¼±â ÃÊÀÇ ´õºí ¸° »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ³Ã¼ÒÀûÀÌ°í ¿ì¿ïÇÑ ¸ð½À°ú ´ç ½ÃÀÇ °¢¹ÚÇß´ø »çȸ»óÀ» ±×·Á³Â´Ù. [Àú¼] ½Ç³»¾Ç (Chamber Music, 1907³â): ½Ã ´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé (Dubliners, 1914³â): ¼Ò¼³ ¸Á¸íÀÚ (Exile, 1915³â): ±Ø ÀþÀº ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÃÊ»ó (A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, 1916³â): ¼Ò¼³ À²¸®½ÃÁî (Ulysses, 1922³â): ¼Ò¼³ Çdzװ£ÀÇ °æ¾ß (Finnegans Wake, 1939³â): ¼Ò¼³ [ÁÖ¿ä Çѱ¹¾î Âü°í¹®Çå] ±èÁ¾°Ç ¿ª, [´õºí¸° »ç¶÷µé] ¹ü¿ì»ç, 1988. ±èÁ¾°Ç ¿ª, [ÀþÀº ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÃÊ»ó] ¹ü¿ì»ç, 1988. ±èÁ¾°Ç ¿ª, [À²¸®½ÃÁî] ¹ü¿ì»ç, 1988. ±èÁ¾°Ç ¿ª, [Çdzװ£ÀÇ °æ¾ß] ¹ü¿ì»ç, 2002 ÀÌ»ó¿Á ¿ª, [ÀþÀº ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÃÊ»ó] ¹ÎÀ½»ç, 2004. º¯Àç±æ, [Â÷ÀÌ¿Í ¸ðÈ£¼ºÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ÇÐ: À²¸®½Ã Áî¿Í Å»½Ä¹Î¹®È´ã·Ð] ¼¼Á¾ÃâÆÇ»ç, 1999. ====================================== James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century. Joyce is best known for Ulysses (1922), a landmark work in which the episodes of Homer's Odyssey are paralleled in an array of contrasting literary styles, perhaps most prominent among these the stream of consciousness technique he utilized. Other well-known works are the short-story collection Dubliners (1914), and the novels A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) and Finnegans Wake (1939). His other writings include three books of poetry, a play, occasional journalism, and his published letters. Joyce was born in 41 Brighton Square, Rathgar, Dublin—about half a mile from his mother's birthplace in Terenure—into a middle-class family on the way down. A brilliant student, he excelled at the Jesuit schools Clongowes and Belvedere, despite the chaotic family life imposed by his father's alcoholism and unpredictable finances. He went on to attend University College Dublin. In 1904, in his early twenties, Joyce emigrated permanently to continental Europe with his partner Nora Barnacle. They lived in Trieste, Paris, and Zurich. Though most of his adult life was spent abroad, Joyce's fictional universe centres on Dublin, and is populated largely by characters who closely resemble family members, enemies and friends from his time there. Ulysses in particular is set with precision in the streets and alleyways of the city. Shortly after the publication of Ulysses, he elucidated this preoccupation somewhat, saying, "For myself, I always write about Dublin, because if I can get to the heart of Dublin I can get to the heart of all the cities of the world. In the particular is contained the universal." (from naver.com ³×À̹ö Áö½Ä¹é°ú µÎ»ê¹é°ú wikipedia.org) Chaotic, Clongowes, influence(+) ~ (PIG: time-variant) Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): C+
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