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½ºÅÁ´Þ-Stendhal,Marie Henri Beyle,¼Ò¼³°¡,France | ||
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[Æò°¡] ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ Àü±âÀÛ°¡µéÀº ±×ÀÇ ¼º°Ý°ú ±×°¡ Á¾»çÇÑ Á÷¾÷ÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ãø¸éÀ» ¹¦»çÇϸé¼, ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ '½ÇÆÐ'¶ó´Â ³¹¸»À» »ç¿ëÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ¿¬ÀÎÀ¸·Îµµ ½ÇÆÐÇß°í, ±ºÀÎÀ¸·Îµµ ½ÇÆÐÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÛ°¡¶ó´Â õÁ÷¿¡¼µµ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿À´Ã³¯¿¡´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ºñÆò°¡µéÀÌ ±×¸¦ ¹ßÀÚÅ©¡¤Ç÷κ£¸£¿Í ´õºÒ¾î 19¼¼±â ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÛ°¡·Î ÀÎÁ¤Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀþÀº µ¶ÀÚÃþ, ƯÈ÷ ÇÁ¶û½º¡¤¿µ±¹¡¤¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÀþÀº µ¶ÀÚµéÀº ¹ßÀÚÅ©³ª Ç÷κ£¸£º¸´Ù ½ºÅÁ´ÞÇÑÅ×¼ ÈξÀ ´õ ¼ÖÁ÷ÇÑ À̾߱⸦ µè´Â °Í °°´Ù. ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ ±ÛÀº ¼ö¸¹Àº ¿ª¼³Àû °¥µî°ú ¿å¸ÁÀÌ µÚ¼¯ÀÎ ±×ÀÇ Àΰ£¼º°ú »ý°¢À» ³î¶ö ¸¸Å ¸¹ÀÌ ¹Ý¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â 'ÇູÇÑ ¼Ò¼ö'´Â ÀνÀ¿¡ ¾ô¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷, ºñ±¼ÇÔ ¼Ó¿¡¼´Â ÇູÀ» ãÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷, °¨°¢°ú º»´ÉÀÌ À̲ô´Â ´ë·Î µû¶ó°¡´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â ÁÖÀΰøµéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ì°í ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â ¼¼°è¿¡ ¹ÝÇ×ÇÏ´Â Àι°·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÇູÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº ¼¼°è¸¦ ¸Â¼ ½Î¿ö¾ß ÇÒ ÀûÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇϰí, ¼¼°è¿Í ½Î¿ï ¶§´Â ¼¼°è°¡ ÀûÀ̶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀνÄÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. [Àú¼] ¡¶¿¬¾Ö·Ð De l'amour¡·(1822) ¡¶¶ó½Å´À¿Í ¼ÎÀͽºÇǾî Racine et Shakespeare¡·(1823~1825) ¡¶¾Æ¸£¸Á½º Armance¡·(1827) ¡¶·Î¸¶ »êÃ¥ Promenade dans Rome¡·(1829) ¡¶Àû°ú Èæ Le Rouge et le Noir¡·(1830) ¡¶¾Ó¸® ºê·õ¶ó¸£ÀÇ »ý¾Ö Vie de Henri Brulard¡·(1835~1836) ¡¶ÆÄ¸§¹ÇÀÇ ¼öµµ¿ø La Charteuse de Parme¡·(1840) ----------------------------- [ê GPT ´äº¯¿¡ ¿À·ù(hallucination: ȯ°¢ µî)°¡ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï, ´Ü¼ø Àç¹Ì·Î¸¸ ÂüÁ¶¹Ù¶÷] (from https://chat.openai.com/chat) ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÎ ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal, Marie Henri Beyle)ÀÌ Á¦ÀÏ ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´ø ¿ª»çÀû Àι°Àº? ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal)Àº ³ªÆú·¹¿Ë º¸³ªÆÄ¸£Æ®(Napoleon Bonaparte)¸¦ ¸Å¿ì ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº ³ªÆú·¹¿ËÀÌ Àι°·Î¼ ±×¸®°í ±º»ç·Î¼ÀÇ À§´ëÇÔÀ» ±ØÂùÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³ 'ÆÄ¸£¸Þ³ªÀ̵å(Parménides)'¿¡¼µµ ³ªÆú·¹¿ËÀ» ¸ðƼºê·Î ÇÑ µîÀåÀι°ÀÌ ³ª¿À±âµµ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº ³ªÆú·¹¿ËÀÇ ½Ã´ë¿Í ±×ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹è°æÀ» ¹è°æÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ¼Ò¼³µéÀ» ½è½À´Ï´Ù. ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÎ ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal, Marie Henri Beyle)ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Çѱ¹ÀÇ Æ®·ÎÆ®³ª ¹ß¶óµå ³ë·¡ Á¦¸ñÀº ¹«¾ùÀϱî? ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal)Àº ·Î¸ÇƽÇÑ ¹®ÇÐÀ» Áñ±â´Â ÀÛ°¡·Î, »ç¶û°ú ¿Á¤À» ´Ù·ç´Â ÀÛǰÀ» ½è½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î, Çѱ¹ÀÇ ·Î¸ÇƽÇϸ鼵µ ¿Á¤ÀûÀÎ Æ®·ÎÆ®³ª ¹ß¶óµå ³ë·¡ Áß¿¡¼´Â "ÀÌ ¹ãÀÇ ³¡À» Àâ°í" (À̼±Èñ), [ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç] "ÀÌÁ¨ Àرâ·Î ÇØ¿ä" (Á¶¿ëÇÊ), [ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç] [ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç] "ÇູÇÕ´Ï´Ù" (¼Ûâ½Ä) µîÀÌ ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ °îµéÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. [ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç] ¶ÇÇÑ, "ÀÌ ¹ãÀÌ Áö³ª¸é"°ú °°ÀÌ ¿ì¿ïÇϸ鼵µ ¸á¶ûÄݸ®ÇÑ ºÐÀ§±â¸¦ °¡Áø °îµµ ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ ÀÛǰ°ú ¾î¿ï¸± ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. [ÂùÁ¶ À½¾Ç] ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÎ ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal, Marie Henri Beyle)ÀÌ °æÇèÇÑ Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ÀÏÈ(episode)´Â? ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â ÀÏÈ Áß Çϳª´Â ±×°¡ ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ´ø ½ÃÀý¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ´ç½Ã ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ ±º´ëÀÇ ÁýÇàºÎ·Î ÀÏÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ¾î´À ³¯ ±×´Â ÁýÇàÇÒ Á˼öµéÀ» µ¥¸®°í ±³µµ¼Ò¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ¶§ ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº ±³µµ¼Ò¿¡¼ µµ¸ÁÄ£ Á˼öµéÀ» ÃßÀûÇÏ´Ù°¡ ¸¶Ä§³» ±×µéÀ» Àâ¾Æ³»¾ú´Âµ¥, ±× Á˼öµéÀº ³î¶ø°Ôµµ ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ ¼Ò¼³À» ÀÐÀº ÆÒÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀ» ÀνÄÇϰí, ÀڽŵéÀÇ À̾߱⸦ ¼Ò¼³·Î ½á´Þ¶ó°í ûÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀº À̵éÀÇ À̾߱⸦ µè°í À̸¦ ¼Ò¼³·Î ¾²±â·Î °á½ÉÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±× °á°ú, ±×ÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ÀÛ Áß ÇϳªÀÎ 'ÆÄ¸£¸Þ³ªÀ̵å(Parménides)'°¡ ź»ýÇÏ°Ô µÈ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÏÈ´Â ½ºÅÁ´ÞÀÇ ÀÛǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Á¤°ú ±×ÀÇ Àλý °æÇèÀ» Àß º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÀÏÈÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼Ò¼³°¡ÀÎ ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal, Marie Henri Beyle)Àº ¾ó¸¶³ª ¾ç½ÉÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷Àϱî? ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal)Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛǰ¿¡¼ Çö½ÇÁÖÀÇ¿Í À̼ºÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆÇÀûÀÎ ½Ã°¢À» ³»ºñĨ´Ï´Ù. 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ÀÛ°¡ÀÎ ½ºÅÁ´Þ(Stendhal)ÀÇ ¾ç½É µî±ÞÀ» Á¤È®È÷ ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛǰ¿¡¼ Àΰ£ÀÇ º»¼º°ú »çȸÀû Á¤ÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ç¸é¼µµ, À̸¦ ¸Å¿ì ±í°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ´Ù·ç¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ±×ÀÇ ÀÛǰ¿¡¼ Çö½ÇÁÖÀÇ¿Í À̼ºÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆÇÀûÀÎ ½Ã°¢À» ³»ºñĨ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¡À» °í·ÁÇϸé, ±×ÀÇ ¾ç½É µî±ÞÀº ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ B(¿ì¼ö) ÀÌ»óÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µË´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ±×ÀÇ Àΰ£ÀûÀÎ ÇѰè¿Í ºñÆÇÀ» ¹Þ´Â ¸é¸ðµµ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Æò°¡´Â »óȲ¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ==================================== Stendhal [Born] 23 January 1783 Grenoble, France [Died] 23 March 1842 (aged 59) Paris, France [Occupation] Writer [Literary movement] Realism Romanticism Marie-Henri Beyle (23 January 1783 ~ 23 March 1842), better known by his pen name Stendhal was a 19th-century French writer. Best known for the novels Le Rouge et le Noir (The Red and the Black, 1830) and La Chartreuse de Parme (The Charterhouse of Parma, 1839), he is highly regarded for the acute analysis of his characters' psychology and considered one of the earliest and foremost practitioners of realism. [Life] Born in Grenoble, Isere, he was an unhappy child, disliking his "unimaginative" father and mourning his mother, whom he passionately loved, and who died when he was seven. He spent "the happiest years of his life" at the Beyle country house in Claix near Grenoble. His closest friend was his younger sister, Pauline, with whom he maintained a steady correspondence throughout the first decade of the 19th century. The military and theatrical worlds of the First French Empire were a revelation to Beyle. He was named an auditor with the Conseil d'Etat on 3 August 1810, and thereafter took part in the French administration and in the Napoleonic wars in Italy. He travelled extensively in Germany and was part of Napoleon's army in the 1812 invasion of Russia. Stendhal witnessed the burning of Moscow from just outside the city. Stendhal was appointed Commissioner of War Supplies and sent to Smolensk to prepare provisions for the returning army. He crossed the Berezina River by finding a usable ford rather than the overwhelmed pontoon bridge, which probably saved his life and those of his companions. Stendhal arrived in Paris in 1813, generally unaware of the general fiasco that the retreat had become. Stendhal became known, during the Russian campaign, for keeping his wits about him, and maintaining his "sang-froid and clear-headedness." He also maintained his daily routine, shaving each day during the retreat from Moscow. After the 1814 Treaty of Fontainebleau, he left for Italy, where he settled in Milan. He formed a particular attachment to Italy, where he spent much of the remainder of his career, serving as French consul at Trieste and Civitavecchia. His novel The Charterhouse of Parma, written in 52 days, is set in Italy, which he considered a more sincere and passionate country than Restoration France. An aside in that novel, referring to a character who contemplates suicide after being jilted, speaks about his attitude towards his home country: "To make this course of action clear to my French readers, I must explain that in Italy, a country very far away from us, people are still driven to despair by love." Stendhal was a dandy and wit about town in Paris, as well as an inveterate womaniser who was obsessed with his sexual conquests. His genuine empathy towards women is evident in his books; Simone de Beauvoir spoke highly of him in The Second Sex. One of his early works is On Love, a rational analysis of romantic passion that was based on his unrequited love for Mathilde, Countess Dembowska, whom he met while living at Milan. This fusion of, and tension between, clear-headed analysis and romantic feeling is typical of Stendhal's great novels; he could be considered a Romantic realist. Stendhal suffered miserable physical disabilities in his final years as he continued to produce some of his most famous work. As he noted in his journal, he was taking iodide of potassium and quicksilver to treat his syphilis, resulting in swollen armpits, difficulty swallowing, pains in his shrunken testicles, sleeplessness, giddiness, roaring in the ears, racing pulse and "tremors so bad he could scarcely hold a fork or a pen". Modern medicine has shown that his health problems were more attributable to his treatment than to his syphilis. Stendhal died on 23 March 1842, a few hours after collapsing with a seizure on the streets of Paris. He is interred in the Cimetiere de Montmartre. [Novels] Armance (1827) Le Rouge et le Noir (variously translated as Scarlet and Black, Red and Black, The Red and the Black, 1830) Lucien Leuwen (1835, unfinished, published 1894) The Pink and the Green (1837, unfinished) La Chartreuse de Parme (1839) (The Charterhouse of Parma) Lamiel (1839–1842, unfinished, published 1889) [Novellas] Mina de Vanghel (1830, later published in the Paris periodical La Revue des Deux Mondes) Vanina Vanini (1829) Italian Chroniques, 1837–1839 Vittoria Accoramboni The Cenci (Les Cenci, 1837) The Duchess of Palliano (La Duchesse de Palliano) The Abbess of Castro (L'Abbesse de Castro, 1832) [Biography] A Life of Napoleon (1817–1818, published 1929) A Life of Rossini (1824) [Autobiography] Stendhal's brief memoir, Souvenirs d'Egotisme (Memoirs of an Egotist) was published posthumously in 1892. Also published was a more extended autobiographical work, thinly disguised as the Life of Henry Brulard. The Life of Henry Brulard (1835–1836, published 1890) Souvenirs d'Egotisme (Memoirs of an Egotist, written in 1832 and published in 1892) Journal (1801–1817) (The Private Diaries of Stendhal) [Non-fiction] Rome, Naples et Florence (1817) De L'Amour (1822) (On Love) Racine et Shakespeare (1823–1835) (Racine and Shakespeare) His other works include short stories, journalism, travel books (Promenades dans Rome), a famous collection of essays on Italian painting, and biographies of several prominent figures of his time, including Napoleon, Haydn, Mozart, Rossini and Metastasio. (from naver.com wikipedia.org) Characters,Claix,Correspondence,Commissioner,Charterhouse, influence(+)~ (PIG: time-variant) Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): C+
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