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Rname
      
¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö-Dwight Eisenhower, President, USA
µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® µ¥À̺ñµå ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö Dwight David Eisenhower
±ºÀÎ, ¹Ì±¹ À°±º ¿ø¼ö,
Á¦34´ë ´ëÅë·É(¹Ì±¹)



[Ãâ»ýÀÏ] 1890³â 10¿ù 14ÀÏ
¹Ì±¹ Åػ罺 ÁÖ µ¥´Ï½¼

[¹Ì±¹ Åػ罺 ÁÖ ¿©Çà]


[»ç¸ÁÀÏ] 1969³â 3¿ù 28ÀÏ (78¼¼)
¹Ì±¹ ¿ö½ÌÅÏ D.C.

[¹Ì±¹ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀÇ ½ÉÀå ¿ö½ÌÅÏ D.C.]



[°¡Á·] ¾Æµé Á¸ ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö

[Çз»çÇ×]
~ 1915 ¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ®»ç°üÇб³



[°æ·Â»çÇ×]
1953.01 ~ 1961.01 ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·É (34th)

1951.04 ~ 1952.05 ºÏ´ë¼­¾çÁ¶¾à±â±¸ ÃÖ°í»ç·É°ü

1948 ~ 1953 Á¦13´ë ¹Ì±¹ Ä÷³ºñ¾Æ´ëÇб³ ÃÑÀå

1945.11 ~ 1948.02 Á¦16´ë ¹Ì±¹ À°±ºÂü¸ðÃÑÀå

1943 À¯·´¿¬ÇÕ±º ÃÖ°í»ç·É°ü

1942 ºÏ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« ¹æ¸é ¿¬ÇÕ±º»ç·É°ü



¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¦34´ë ´ëÅë·É

[ÀÓ±â] 1953³â 1¿ù 20ÀÏ ~ 1961³â 1¿ù 20ÀÏ

[ºÎÅë·É] ¸®Ã³µå ´Ð½¼

[ÀüÀÓ] Çظ® S. Æ®·ç¸Õ(Á¦33´ë)

[ÈÄÀÓ] Á¸ F. Äɳ׵ð(Á¦35´ë)

[Á¤´ç] °øÈ­´ç

[Á¾±³] Àå·Î±³

[¹è¿ìÀÚ] ¸Å¹Ì µàµå ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö

[º°¸í] ¾ÆÀÌÅ©(Ike)

[º¹¹«] ¹Ì±¹ À°±º

[º¹¹« ±â°£] 1915³â ~ 1953³â

[ÃÖÁ¾ °è±Þ] ¹Ì±¹ À°±º ¿ø¼ö

[±Ù¹«] ¹Ì±¹

[ÁöÈÖ] À¯·´¿¬ÇÕ±º»ç·ÉºÎ

[ÁÖ¿ä ÂüÀü] 2Â÷¼¼°è´ëÀü



[»ý¾Ö ¿ä¾à]
1890³â 10¿ù 14ÀÏ Åػ罺ÁÖ µ¥´Ï½¼
(Denison, Texas)¿¡¼­ Ãâ»ýÇßÀ¸¸ç 1892³â
ĵÀÚ½ºÁÖ ¾Öºô¸°(Abilene, Kansas)¿¡ Á¤ÂøÇÏ¿´´Ù.

[µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® D. ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö - ĵÀÚ½º ÁÖ ¾Öºô¸°]


1915³â ¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ®(West Point) À°±º»ç°üÇб³¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÑ ÈÄ
Á¦1Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü Áß ÀüÂ÷ÈƷüҸ¦ ºñ·ÔÇØ ¿©·¯ °÷¿¡¼­
±³°üÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«ÇÏ¸ç ±¹³»¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¶´Ù.

Á¾Àü ÈÄ 1924³â±îÁö Æijª¸¶¿îÇÏ Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ±Ù¹«ÇßÀ¸¸ç,

À°±ºÂü¸ðÇб³(Command and General Staff College)¿¡¼­´Â
Àå±³ Áß ¼ö¼®À» ÇÏ´Â µî µÎ°¢À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾î

¿ö½ÌÅÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â À°±ºÀüÀï´ëÇÐ(Army War College)À» °ÅÃÆ´Ù.

1932³â À°±ºÂü¸ðÃÑÀå ´õ±Û·¯½º ¸Æ¾Æ´õÀÇ Âü¸ð°¡ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç
1935~1939³â Çʸ®ÇÉ ±º»ç°í¹®À» Áö³½ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ ÈÖÇÏ¿¡¼­
ÇöÁö Áֵбº ¾ç¼ºÀ» ¸Ã¾Ò´Ù.

Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü ÁßÀÎ 1942³â ºÏ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Áö¿ª ¿¬ÇÕ±º»ç·É°ü,
1943³â À¯·´¿¬ÇÕ±º ÃÖ°í»ç·É°üÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç

1944³â ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ ³ë¸£¸Áµð »ó·úÀÛÀü(Invasion of Normandy)À»
¼º°ø½ÃÅ´À¸·Î¼­,
1945³â 5¿ù ¸¶Ä§³» µ¶ÀÏÀÇ Ç׺¹À» ¹Þ¾Æ³Â´Ù.



ÀüÀïÀÌ ³¡³­ ÈÄ 1945³â À°±ºÂü¸ðÃÑÀå,
1948³â Ä÷³ºñ¾Æ´ëÇб³ ÃÑÀåÀ» °ÅÃÄ
1950³â »õ·Î â¼³µÈ ³ªÅä(NATO)±º ÃÖ°í»ç·É°üÀ» Áö³Â´Ù.



1952³â ´ëÅë·É¼±°Å¿¡¼­
¹ÎÁÖ´ç ¾Öµé¶óÀÌ ½ºÆ¼ºì½¼(Adlai Stevenson)È常¦
¹°¸®Ä¡°í ´ç¼±µÇ¾ú´Ù.



´ç¼±Á÷ÈÄÀÎ 1952³â 12¿ù Çѱ¹Àü¼±À» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç,

[Çѱ¹ÀüÀï- 1952³â 12¿ù ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ¹æÇÑ]


´ÙÀ½ ÇØ 7¿ù À̽¸¸ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ¹Ý´ë¿¡ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í
Çѱ¹ÀüÀïÀ» ÈÞÀüÀ¸·Î ¸¶¹«¸®Çß´Ù.



1960³â ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î¼­´Â óÀ½À¸·Î Çѱ¹À» ¹æ¹®Çϱ⵵ Çß´Ù.

ÃëÀÓ ÈÄ ±¹¹æÁ¤Ã¥À¸·Î ÀûÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ º»°ÝÀû °ø°ÝÀ» ¹ÞÀ» °æ¿ì
ÇÙ¹«±â¸¦ ÀûÀçÇÑ Àü·«Æø°Ý±â¸¦ »ç¿ë Áï°¢ ¹Ý°ÝÇÑ´Ù´Â

´º·è(New Look)Àü·« ȤÀº ´ë·®º¸º¹(massive retaliation)Àü·«À»
äÅÃÇßÀ¸¸ç,

´ë ¼Ò·Ã°ü°è¿¡¼­´Â ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ È®´ë ÆØâÀ» ÀúÁöÇϱâ À§ÇÑ
·Ñ¹é(roll back)Á¤Ã¥À» ÃëÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¶ÇÇÑ Áßµ¿Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ °ø»êÁÖÀDZ¹°¡ÀÇ ¹«·Â ħ°ø½Ã
µµ¿òÀ» ¿äûÇÏ´Â ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °æÁ¦ ¹× ±º»çÁö¿øÀ»
ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±ÇÇÑÀ» ´ëÅë·É¿¡°Ô ÁÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö µ¶Æ®¸°(Eisenhower Doctrine)À»
ÀÇȸ°¡ ½ÂÀÎÇß´Ù.



±×¹Û¿¡ Çѱ¹ÀüÀï°ú ÀεµÂ÷À̳ªÀüÀïÀÇ ÈÞÀü,
¼ö¿¡Áî¿îÇÏ ¹®Á¦ ¼ö½À µî ¼¼°èÆòÈ­¸¦ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿´°í

UNÃÑȸ¿¡¼­ ±¹Á¦ ¿øÀÚ·Â °ü¸® ±â±¸¸¦ Á¦Ã¢ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç
½ºÅ»¸° »ç¸ÁÀÌÈÄ ¼¼°èÆòÈ­¸¦ À§ÇÑ »õ Áú¼­ ¸ð»öÀ» À§ÇÑ
Á¦³×¹Ù 4´ë±¹ ȸÀÇ¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

±×·¯³ª Èĸ£½ÃÃÊÇÁ(Nikita Khrushchev)ÀÇ ¹æ¹Ì·Î Á¶¼ºµÈ
¼Ò·Ã°úÀÇ È­ÇغÐÀ§±â´Â ¼Ò·Ã¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¤Âû±â U-2±âÀÇ
°ÝÃß·Î »õ·Î¿î ±äÀå°ü°è°¡ Á¶¼ºµÇ±âµµ Çß´Ù.

[¹Ì±¹ Ææ½Çº£´Ï¾Æ ¿©Çà(°ÔƼ½º¹ö±×)]


1961³â ÅðÀÓ ÈÄ Ææ½Çº£´Ï¾ÆÁÖ °ÔƼ½º¹ö±×
(Gettysburg, Pennsylvania)¿¡¼­ ÀºÅð »ýÈ°À» ÇßÀ¸¸ç
1969³â 3¿ù 28ÀÏ ¿ö½ÌÅÏ¿¡¼­ ½ÉÀ帶ºñ·Î »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù.

[Ã߸ð K-Pop]


Àú¼­¿¡ ¡¶À¯·´½ÊÀÚ±º(Crusade in Europe)¡·(1948)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.



[µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ¿¬º¸]
1890 10¿ù 14ÀÏ Åػ罺ÁÖ µ¥´Ï½¼(Denison, Texas)¿¡¼­ Ãâ»ý.

1915 ¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ® À°±º»ç°üÇб³(West Point,
United States Military Academy)Á¹¾÷.

1916 ¸Å¹Ì Á¦´Ï¹ö ´Ù¿ìµå(Mamie Geneva Doud)¿Í °áÈ¥.

1932 À°±ºÂü¸ðÃÑÀå(¸Æ¾Æ´õÀ屺) º¸Á°ü Áö³¿.

1942 À¯·´ ÁֵР¹Ì±º ÃÑ»ç·É°ü ¿ªÀÓ.

1945 À°±º Âü¸ðÃÑÀå Áö³¿.

1948 Ä÷³ºñ¾Æ ´ëÇÐ ÃÑÀå¿¡ ¼±ÀÓµÊ.

[Ä÷³ºñ¾Æ´ëÇб³]


1950 NATO ÃÑ»ç·É°ü ¿ªÀÓ.

[³ªÅä: ºÏ´ë¼­¾ç Á¶¾à±â±¸]


1953 ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ´ç¼±µÊ.

Çѱ¹ÀüÀï ÈÞÀü ÇùÁ¤ ¼º¸³½ÃÅ´.

1961 ´ëÅë·ÉÁ÷ ÅðÀÓ.

1969 3¿ù 28ÀÏ ¿ö½ÌÅÏ¿¡¼­ »ç¸Á.

[ÁÖ¿ä ¾÷Àû ¿ä¾à]
µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® µ¥À̺ñµå ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö(Dwight
David Eisenhower, 1890³â 10¿ù 14ÀÏ ~ 1969³â 3¿ù 28ÀÏ)´Â

¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ±ºÀÎÀÌÀÚ Á¤Ä¡°¡·Î,
¹Ì±¹ À°±º ¿ø¼öÀ̾ú°í 1953³âºÎÅÍ 1961³â±îÁö
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ 34¹ø° ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» Áö³Â´Ù.

Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è ´ëÀüµ¿¾È¿¡ ±×´Â À¯·´¿¡¼­
¿¬ÇÕ±ºÀÇ ÃÖ°í »ç·É°üÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇßÀ¸¸ç,



1944-1945³â¿¡´Â ¼­ºÎ Àü¼±¿¡¼­ ³ë¸£¸Áµð »ó·ú ÀÛÀüÀ» ºñ·ÔÇÑ
ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í µ¶ÀÏ Áö¿ª °ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã¾Æ
°ø°ÝÀ» °èȹÇÏ°í °¨µ¶Çß´Ù.

1951³â¿¡ ±×´Â ù ¹ø° ³ªÅä »ç·É°üÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.

¾ÖĪÀº ¾ÆÀÌÅ©(Ike)´Ù.

ÀüÀÓÀÎ ¹ÎÁÖ´ç Æ®·ç¸Õ ´ëÅë·É ´ç½Ã ¹ß»ýÇÑ
Çѱ¹ ÀüÀïÀ» Á¾°á½ÃÄ×´Ù.



[»ý¾Ö È°µ¿ ¹× ¾÷Àû µî]
[¾î¸° ½ÃÀý°ú °¡Á·]
¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â 1890³â 10¿ù 14ÀÏ¿¡
"µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® µ¥À̺ñµå ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö" ¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î

Åػ罺 ÁÖ µ¥´Ï½¼¿¡¼­ µ¥À̺ñµå Á¦ÀÌÄß ¾ÆÀÌ¿£ÇÏ¿ö¿Í
¾ÆÀÌ´Ù ¿¤¸®ÀÚº£½º ½ºÅä¹ö »çÀÌÀÇ ÀÏ°ö ¾Æµé Áß ¼Â°·Î ž´Ù.

[¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ´ëÅë·É »ý°¡]


¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿öÀÇ Áý¾ÈÀº µ¶ÀÏ, ¿µ±¹, ½ºÀ§½º¿¡ »Ñ¸®¸¦ µÎ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿öÀÇ °¡Á·Àº ĵÀÚ½º ÁÖÀÇ ¾Öºô¸°À¸·Î À̻縦 °¬°í,
¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â ±× °÷¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¶ú´Ù.

µ¶ÀÏ¿¡¼­ ÀÌÁÖÇÑ °³½Å±³ Áý¿¡¼­ žÀ¸¸ç,

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿öÀÇ À̸§Àº 19¼¼±â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ À¯¸íÇÑ Ä§·Ê±³ ¼³±³ÀÚ
µå¿ÍÀÌÆ® ¶óÀÌ¸Õ ¹«µð(Dwight Lyman Moody, 1837~1899)ÀÇ À̸§°ú
±¸¾à¼º¼­¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤ ¿Õ±¹ÀÇ 2´ë ¿Õ ´ÙÀ­ÀÇ À̸§À» µý °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿öÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ¾ÆµéÀÇ ¶æÀ» Á¸ÁßÇÏ¿©
±ºÀÎÀ» ¾ç¼ºÇÏ´Â ¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ® ÀÔÇÐÀ» Çã¶ôÇß´Ù.



[±ºÀÎ ½ÃÀý]
1915³â¿¡ ¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ®¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

[¹Ì±¹ À°±º»ç°üÇб³]


¿þ½ºÆ®Æ÷ÀÎÆ® Á¹¾÷ ¼ºÀûÀº Æò¹üÇß´Ù.

Á¹¾÷»ý ¼±¹èµé Áß ¼ö¼®À» Â÷ÁöÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´õ±Û·¯½º ¸Æ¾Æ´õ¿´´Ù.

1928³â À°±º ´ëÇб³¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ°í,
1933³â ¸Æ¾Æ´õ ±º»ç °í¹®ÀÇ º¸Á°üÀ¸·Î¼­
Çʸ®ÇÉ ¹æÀ§ °­È­¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù.



Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è ´ëÀü Áß¿¡ ¿¬ÇÕ±ºÃÖ°í»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î ÀçÁ÷ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

´ç½Ã ¹Ì±º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ½ÅÀ» ¼û±âÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ¿µ±¹±º°ú
±×·± ¿µ±¹±ºÀ» °í±õ°Ô ¿©±ä ¹Ì±º ÁöÈÖ°üµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­
ÁßÀçÀÚ·Î È°¾àÇÏ¿´°í,

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡µµ ÀüÅõ ÁöÈÖ°üº¸´Ù´Â
´ë±â¾÷ÀÇ ÃѼö °°´Ù´Â ÆòÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò´Ù.



ÀϺ» ¿øÀÚÆøź ÅõÇϸ¦ ¹Ý´ëÇÑ »ç¶÷ ÁßÀÇ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.

À¯·´ Àü¼±¿¡ ÆÄ°ßµÈ ÈÄ ÃÖÃÊ·Î ÁöÈÖÇÑ ÀÛÀüÀº
¹Ì±º°ú ¿µ±¹±ºÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ ¿¬Çպδë·Î ºÏ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡ »ó·úÇÑ
ȶºÒ ÀÛÀüÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç,

[¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö-ÅëÁö¹®/D-day(1944³â 6¿ù 6ÀÏ)]


ÀÌÈÄ À¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕ±ºÀÇ ÃÑ»ç·É°üÀ¸·Î¼­
³ë¸£¸Áµð »ó·úÀÛÀü(1944³â 6¿ù 6ÀÏ)À» ÁöÈÖÇÏ¿©
¼º°ø½ÃÄÑ ½Â¸®¸¦ °ÅµÎ¾ú´Ù.



ÀüÀï Áß¿¡ '¾ÆÀÌÅ©'¶õ º°ÄªÀ¸·Î ÁÙ°ð ºÒ·È´Ù.



[Å𿪰ú Çѱ¹ ÀüÀï]
1948³â Åð¿ªÇÑ ÈÄ Ä÷³ºñ¾Æ ´ëÇб³ ÃÑÀåÀ» °ÅÃÆ´Ù.

1950³â Çѱ¹ ÀüÀïÀÌ ¹ß¹ßÇÏÀÚ ´Ù½Ã Çö¿ªÀ¸·Î ¼ÒȯµÇ¾î
Çѱ¹ ÀüÀï¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

±×·¯³ª ¹Ì±¹ ±Øµ¿±º ¿ø¼ö ´õ±Û·¯½º ¸Æ¾Æ´õ°¡ Æ®·ç¸Õ ´ëÅë·É°ú
³ë°ñÀûÀ¸·Î °¥µîÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é¼­ Æ®·ç¸Õ ´ëÅë·ÉÀº

´õ±Û·¯½º ¸Æ¾Æ´õ¸¦ °ßÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î
¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö¸¦ Á÷°£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ÈÄ¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù.

±× µÚ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ°¡ ¸¸ÁÖ Æø°ÝÀ» ½ÃµµÇÏÀÚ
Æ®·ç¸ÕÀº ¸Æ¾Æ´õ¸¦ ¿ø¼öÁ÷¿¡¼­ ÇØÀÓÇÏ°í,
¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö¿¡°Ô Çѱ¹ ÁֵР¹Ì±ºÀ» °ü¸®Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.



1952³â °øÈ­´ç È帷Π´ëÅë·É¿¡ Ã⸶ÇÏ¿© ´ç¼±µÊÀ¸·Î½á
¿À·£ ¹ÎÁÖ´ç ´ëÅë·É ½Ã´ë¸¦ 20³â¸¸¿¡ ¸¶°¨ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

[À̽¸¸ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ Å±ر⠼±¹°, ¹Ì±¹ ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ´ëÅë·É¿¡°Ô]



´ëÅë·É¿¡ ´ç¼±µÊ¿¡ µû¶ó
1953³â ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â À°±º ¿ø¼öÁ÷¿¡¼­ ½º½º·Î »çÅðÇÏ¿´´Ù.

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[´ëÅë·É ÀçÀÓ ½ÃÀý]
[ÈÞÀüÇùÁ¤]
1953³â ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â Çѱ¹ ÀüÀï ÈÞÀü Á¶¾àÀ» À̲ø¾î ³Â´Ù.

ÀÌ´Â ¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿öÀÇ ¼±°Å °ø¾àÀ¸·Î ¼±°Å ¿îµ¿ ´ç½Ã
Çѱ¹ ÀüÀïÀÇ Àå±âÈ­ ¿ì·Á¸¦ ºÒ½Ä½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÏ¿©



'Á¦°¡ ´ëÇѹα¹¿¡ °¡°Ú½À´Ï´Ù' ¶ó´Â ¸»À» ³²°åÀ¸¸ç,
½ÇÁ¦·Î ´ç¼± Á÷ÈÄ ´ëÇѹα¹À» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.



¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â 1960³â 6¿ù 8ÀÏ ½ÅÀÓ ÁÖ¹Ì Çѱ¹ ´ë»ç
Á¤ÀϱÇÀÇ ½ÅÀÓÀå Á¦Á¤¿¡ ÁîÀ½ÇÏ¿©, 4¡¤19 Çõ¸í¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í

"¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎ¿Í µ¿ ±¹¹ÎÀº Çѱ¹À» °è¼Ó ÁöÁöÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç
Çѱ¹ÀÇ µ¶¸³À» º¸ÀüÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â ¾ö¼÷ÇÑ ¾ð¾àÀ» °í¼öÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù"¶ó°í
È®¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö´Â ¹Ì±¹Àº

"¸ðµç ±¹°¡¿Í ÀιεéÀ» À§ÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í Á¤ÀÇ¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÑ
¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ ÆòÈ­¸¦ ¼ö¸³ÇÏ°íÀÚ °øµ¿ ³ë·ÂÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¿ìÀÇ¿¡ Âù
ÇùÁ¶¸¦ °è¼ÓÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù"¶ó°í ºÎ¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ÀÚ±â´Â "°ø»ê±ºÀÇ Ä§·«À¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ
ȲÆóÈ­µÈ ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÌ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ºÎÈïµÇ¾î °¡°í ÀÖÀ½"À»

´«À¸·Î Á÷Á¢ º¸±â À§ÇÏ¿© Çѱ¹À» ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¹æ¹®ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥
±â´ë¸¦ °É°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

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½ÇÁ¦·Î 1960³â¿¡ ´Ù½Ã Çѱ¹À» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

1960³âÀÇ ¹æ¹®Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ´ëÅë·É ½ÅºÐÀ¸·Î´Â ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¹æ¹®À̾ú´Ù.

[¾ÆÀÌÁ¨ÇÏ¿ö ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·É ¹æÇÑ(1960³â)]


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Dwight Eisenhower

[Personal details]
[Born] October 14, 1890
Denison, Texas, U.S.

[Died] March 28, 1969 (aged 78)
Walter Reed General Hospital
Washington, D.C., U.S.

[Resting place]
Eisenhower Presidential Center
Abilene, Kansas, U.S.

[Political party] Republican

[Spouse(s)]
Mamie Doud (m. 1916; his death 1969)

[Children] Doud and John

[Alma mater] U.S. Military Academy

[Profession] Army officer, Politician

[Religion] Presbyterian

[Awards]
Army Distinguished Service Medal (5)
Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Legion of Merit
Order of the Southern Cross
Order of the Bath
Order of Merit
Legion of Honor

[Military service]
Allegiance: United States of America
Service/branch: United States Army
Years of service: 1915–1953, 1961–1969
Rank: General of the Army
Battles/wars: World War I, World War II



Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower
(October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was
the 34th President of the United States
from 1953 until 1961, and the last U.S.
President to have been born in the 19th
century. He was a five-star general in
the United States Army during World War
II and served as Supreme Commander of
the Allied Forces in Europe.

He was responsible for planning and
supervising the invasion of North
Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43
and the successful invasion of France
and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western
Front. In 1951, he became the first
Supreme Commander of NATO.

Eisenhower was of Pennsylvania Dutch
ancestry and was raised in a large
family in Kansas by parents with a
strong religious background. He
graduated from West Point and later
married and had two sons. After World
War II, Eisenhower served as Army Chief
of Staff under President Harry S.
Truman and then accepted the post of
President at Columbia University.

Eisenhower entered the 1952
presidential race as a Republican to
counter the non-interventionism of
Senator Robert A. Taft, campaigning
against "communism, Korea and
corruption". He won in a landslide,
defeating Democratic candidate Adlai
Stevenson and temporarily upending the
New Deal Coalition.



Eisenhower's main goals in office were
to keep pressure on the Soviet Union
and reduce federal deficits. In the
first year of his presidency, he
threatened the use of nuclear weapons
in order to conclude the Korean War;
his New Look policy of nuclear
deterrence prioritized inexpensive
nuclear weapons while reducing funding
for conventional military forces.

In 1954, Eisenhower rejected the use of
military force to help the French
retain their colony of Vietnam.
Congress agreed to his request in 1955
for the Formosa Resolution, which
obliged the U.S. to militarily support
the pro-Western Republic of China in
Taiwan and continue the ostracism of
the People's Republic of China.

After the Soviet Union launched the
world's first artificial satellite in
1957, Eisenhower authorized the
establishment of NASA, which led to the
space race. During the Suez Crisis of
1956, Eisenhower condemned the Israeli,
British and French invasion of Egypt,
and forced them to withdraw.

He also condemned the Soviet invasion during
the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 but
took no action. In 1958, Eisenhower
sent 15,000 U.S. troops to Lebanon to
prevent the pro-Western government from
falling to a Nasser-inspired
revolution. Near the end of his term,
his efforts to set up a summit meeting
with the Soviets collapsed because of the U-2 incident.

In his January 17, 1961 farewell address to the nation,
Eisenhower expressed his concerns about
the dangers of corporate control of
Congress and massive military spending,
particularly deficit spending and
government contracts to private
military manufacturers, and coined the
term "Military-Industrial-Congressional Complex".

On the domestic front, he covertly
opposed Joseph McCarthy and contributed
to the end of McCarthyism by openly
invoking the modern expanded version of
executive privilege. He otherwise left
most political activity to his Vice
President, Richard Nixon. He was a
moderate conservative who continued New
Deal agencies and expanded Social Security.

He also launched the Interstate Highway System,
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA), the establishment of strong
science education via the National
Defense Education Act, and encouraged
peaceful use of nuclear power via
amendments to the Atomic Energy Act.

As a part of his domestic policy, he
sent federal troops to Little Rock,
Arkansas, for the first time since
Reconstruction to enforce federal court
orders to desegregate public schools.
He also signed civil rights legislation
in 1957 and 1960 to protect the right
to vote. He implemented desegregation
of the armed forces in two years and
made five appointments to the Supreme Court.

He was the first term-limited
president in accordance with the 22nd
Amendment. Eisenhower's two terms saw
considerable economic prosperity except
for a sharp recession in 1958–59. Voted
Gallup's most admired man twelve times,
he achieved widespread popular esteem
both in and out of office. Since the
late 20th century, consensus among
Western scholars has consistently held
Eisenhower as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents.

-------------------------------

[Korean War, China, and Taiwan]
In late 1952 Eisenhower went to Korea
and discovered a military and political
stalemate. Once in office, when the
Chinese began a buildup in the Kaesong
sanctuary, he threatened to use nuclear
force if an armistice was not
concluded. His earlier military
reputation in Europe was effective with
the Chinese. The National Security
Council, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and
the Strategic Air Command (SAC) devised
detailed plans for nuclear war against
China. With the death of Stalin in
early March 1953, Russian support for a
Chinese hard-line weakened and China
decided to compromise on the prisoner issue.

In July 1953, an armistice took effect
with Korea divided along approximately
the same boundary as in 1950. The
armistice and boundary remain in effect
today, with American soldiers stationed
there to guarantee it.

The armistice, concluded despite opposition from
Secretary Dulles, South Korean
President Syngman Rhee, and also within
Eisenhower's party, has been described
by biographer Ambrose as the greatest
achievement of the administration.
Eisenhower had the insight to realize
that unlimited war in the nuclear age
was unthinkable, and limited war unwinnable.

A point of emphasis in Ike's campaign
had been his endorsement of a policy of
liberation from communism as opposed to
a policy of containment. This remained
his preference despite the armistice
with Korea. Throughout his terms
Eisenhower took a hard-line attitude
toward China, as demanded by
conservative Republicans, with the goal
of driving a wedge between China and
the Soviet Union.

Eisenhower continued Truman's policy of
recognizing the Republic of China
(based in Formosa/Taiwan) as the
legitimate government of China, not the
Beijing regime. There were localized
flare-ups when the Red Army began
shelling the islands of Quemoy and
Matsu in September 1954. Eisenhower
received recommendations embracing
every variation of response to the
aggression of the Chinese communists.
He thought it essential to have every
possible option available to him as the
crisis unfolded.

The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty
with Taiwan was signed in December
1954. He requested and secured from
Congress their "Formosa Resolution" in
January 1955, which gave Eisenhower
unprecedented power in advance to use
military force at any level of his
choosing in defense of Formoso and the
Pescadores. The Resolution bolstered
the morale of the Chinese nationalists,
and signaled to Beijing that the U.S.
was committed to holding the line.

Eisenhower openly threatened the
Chinese with use of nuclear weapons,
authorizing a series of bomb tests
labeled Operation Teapot. Nevertheless,
he left the Chinese communists guessing
as to the exact nature of his nuclear response.

This allowed Eisenhower to
accomplish all of his objectives—the
end of this communist encroachment, the
retention of the Islands by the Chinese
nationalists and continued peace.
Defense of Taiwan from an invasion
remains a core American policy.

By the end of 1954 Eisenhower's
military and foreign policy experts—the
NSC, JCS and State Dept.—had
unanimously urged him, on no less than
five occasions, to launch an atomic
attack against China; yet he
consistently refused to do so and felt
a distinct sense of accomplishment in
having sufficiently confronted
communism while keeping world peace.

(from naver.com wikipedia.org ³×À̹ö Áö½Ä¹é°ú µÎ»ê¹é°ú µî,
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