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½º¹Ì½º-Adam Smith,°æÁ¦ÇÐÀÚ,À±¸®ÇÐÀÚ,England | ||
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ÈÄ´ëÀÇ ¿©·¯ ºÐ¾ß¿¡ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£ ¡¶±¹ºÎ·Ð¡·(An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of t he Wealth of Nations)ÀÇ ÀúÀÚÀÌ´Ù. °íÀü°æÁ¦ÇÐÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ À̷а¡ÀÎ ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î °æÁ¦ÇÐÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö·Î ¿©°ÜÁö¸ç ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ÀÚÀ¯¹«¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ·ÐÀû ±âÃʸ¦ Á¦°øÇß´Ù. ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º´Â ½ºÄÚƲ·£µå ÇÇÆäÀÇ Ä¿Å©Ä®µðÀÇ ¼¼¹« °ü¸®ÀÇ ¾Æ µé·Î ž´Ù. Ãâ»ýÀÏÀº Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ 1723³â 6¿ù 5ÀÏ Ä¿Å©Ä®µð¿¡¼ ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ºÎÄ£Àº ¾Ö´ý½º¹Ì½º°¡ ¼¼·Ê¹Þ±â ¾à 6°³¿ù Àü¿¡ »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù. 4»ì °æ¿¡ ÀÏ´ÜÀÇ Áý½Ãµé¿¡°Ô ³³Ä¡µÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ±×ÀÇ »ïÃÌ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ±¸ÃâµÇ¾î ¸ðÄ£¿¡°Ô·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù. ½º¹Ì½ºÀÇ Àü±â ÀÛ°¡ÀÎ Á¸ ·¹ÀÌ´Â Àå³½º·´°Ô ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º´Â º°·Î ¾µ¸¸ÇÑ Áý½Ã°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇßÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÷ºÎÇÑ´Ù. 14»ì¿¡ ±Û·¡½º°í ´ëÇб³¿¡ ÀÔÇÐÇÏ¿© öÇÐÀÚ µ¥À̺ñµå ÈâÀÇ Ä£±¸¿´´ø ÇÁ¶õ½Ã½º ÇãÄ¡½¼À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À±¸®Ã¶ÇÐÀ» °øºÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1740³â ¿Á½ºÆÛµå ´ëÇп¡ ÀåÇлýÀ¸·Î ÀÔÇÐÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÀÇ »ýÈ°Àº ±×ÀÇ »î¿¡ Å«¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¡Áö ¸øÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç 1746³â¿¡ ÀÚÅðÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1748³â¿¡ ÄÉÀÓÁî°æÀÇ ÈÄ¿øÇÏ¿¡ ¿¡µò¹ö±×¿¡¼ °ø°³ °ÀǸ¦ ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, °ÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ È£ÆòÀÌ °è±â°¡ µÇ¾î 1751³â ±Û·¡½º°í ´ëÇÐ ³í¸®ÇÐ °ÁÂÀÇ ±³¼ö°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1750³â°æ µ¥À̺ñµå ÈâÀ» ¸¸³µÀ¸¸ç µ·µ¶ÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. 1759³â À¯·´¿¡ ¸í¼ºÀ» ¶³Ä¡°ÔµÈ µµ´ö°¨Á¤·Ð (The Theory of Moral Sentiments)À» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1764³âºÎÅÍ ±ÍÁ·ÀΠŸ¿îÁ¨Æ®ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ» µ¥¸®°í °¡Á¤±³»ç¸¦ Çϸç À¯·´¿©ÇàÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. 2³â¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÇÁ¶û½º µîÁö¸¦ ¿©ÇàÇÏ¸ç ¿©·¯ ³ª¶óÀÇ ÇàÁ¤ Á¶Á÷À» ½ÃÂûÇÏ°í Áß³óÁÖÀÇ »ç»ó°¡µé°úÀÇ Á¢ÃËÀ» ÅëÇØ À̵éÀÇ »ç»ó°ú ÀÌ·ÐÀ» Èí¼öÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±Í±¹ÈÄ Àú¼úÈ°µ¿¿¡ Àü³äÇÏ¿© 1776³â À¯¸íÇÑ <±¹ºÎ·Ð>À» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿©, ±¹°¡°¡ ¿©·¯ °æÁ¦ È°µ¿¿¡ °£¼·ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚÀ¯ °æÀï »óÅ¿¡¼µµ 'º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼Õ'¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »çȸÀÇ Áú¼°¡ À¯ÁöµÇ°í ¹ßÀüµÈ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¥Àº °æÁ¦ÇÐ »ç»ó ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Ã¼°èÀû Àú¼·Î ±× ÈÄÀÇ ¿©·¯ Çм³ÀÇ ¹ÙÅÁÀÌ µÈ °íÀü ÁßÀÇ °íÀüÀÌ´Ù. 1778³â ¿¡µç¹ö·¯ÀÇ °ü¼¼ À§¿øÀÌ µÇ°í, 1787³â ±Û·¡½º°í ´ëÇÐ ÇÐÀåÀ» Áö³Â´Ù. ±×´Â ¿µ±¹ Á¤ÅëÆÄ '°æÁ¦ÇÐÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö'¶ó°í ºÒ¸®¸ç, À±¸®ÇÐÀڷεµ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º´Â ½ÃÀå °æÁ¦¾ß¸»·Î »ç´Â »ç¶÷°ú ÆÄ´Â »ç¶÷ ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ¸¸Á·½º·± °á°ú¸¦ ³ºÀ¸¸ç, »çȸÀÇ ÀÚ¿øÀ» ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô ¹èºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸¸ç, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº À¯¸íÇÑ ¸»À» ³²±â±âµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¡°¿ì¸®°¡ Àú³á ½Ä»ç¸¦ ±â´ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Ç ǪÁÞ°£ ÁÖÀÎ, ¼úµµ°¡ ÁÖÀÎ, »§Áý ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ÀÚºñ½É ´öºÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µéÀÌ ÀÚ±â ÀÌÀÍÀ» ì±â·Á´Â »ý°¢ ´öºÐÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¹Ú¾Ö½ÉÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÚ±â¾Ö¿¡ È£¼ÒÇϸç, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌÀ͸¸À» ±×µé¿¡°Ô À̾߱âÇÒ »ÓÀÌ´Ù.¡± ================================== Adam Smith [Born] June 5th, 1723 Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland [Died] 17 July 1790 (aged 67) Edinburgh, Scotland [Nationality] Scottish [Alma mater] University of Glasgow Balliol College, Oxford [Notable work] The Wealth of Nations, The Theory of Moral Sentiments [Religion] Christian [Region] Western philosophy [School] Classical economics [Main interests] Political philosophy, ethics, economics [Notable ideas] Classical economics, modern free market, division of labour, the "invisible hand" Adam Smith (June 5th, 1723 – July 17th, 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher, pioneer of political economy, and key Scottish Enlightenment figure. Smith is best known for two classic works: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759), and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). The latter, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is cited as the "father of modern economics" and is still among the most influential thinkers in the field of economics today. Smith studied social philosophy at the University of Glasgow and at Balliol College, Oxford, where he was one of the first students to benefit from scholarships set up by fellow Scot, John Snell. After graduating, he delivered a successful series of public lectures at Edinburgh, leading him to collaborate with David Hume during the Scottish Enlightenment. Smith obtained a professorship at Glasgow teaching moral philosophy, and during this time he wrote and published The Theory of Moral Sentiments. In his later life, he took a tutoring position that allowed him to travel throughout Europe, where he met other intellectual leaders of his day. Smith laid the foundations of classical free market economic theory. The Wealth of Nations was a precursor to the modern academic discipline of economics. In this and other works, he expounded upon how rational self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. Smith was controversial in his own day and his general approach and writing style were often satirised by Tory writers in the moralising tradition of William Hogarth and Jonathan Swift. In 2005, The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time. It is said former UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher carried a copy of the book in her handbag. (from Çѱ¹.net wikipedia.org naver.com µÎ»ê¹é°ú µî) Best Books,Bargains,influential(+)economics+moral sentiments~ (PIG: time-variant) Positive Influence GRADE (PIG): B+
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